Spatial synchrony in abundance among populations at different locations has been studied for many species. Different statistics have been used as measures of synchrony, and various techniques have been employed to test the hypothesis that there is no synchrony. In this paper we first describe and contrast various measures of synchrony and then discuss testing for no synchrony. Tests that ignore...

Both habitat heterogeneity and species' life-history traits play important roles in driving population dynamics, yet there is little scientific consensus around the combined effect of these two factors on populations in complex landscapes. Using a spatially explicit agent-based model, we explored how interactions between habitat spatial structure (defined here as the scale of spatial autocorrel...

Stimulated by the growing body of literature relating economic inequalities to inequalities in health, this article explores relationships between various economic attributes of communities and mortality rates among 24 coastal communities in British Columbia, Canada. Average household income, a measure of community wealth, was negatively related and the incidence of low incomes, a measure of po...

INTRODUCTION Black men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to suffer a disproportionate burden of new HIV diagnoses and mortality. To better understand some of the reasons for these profound disparities, we examined whether the association between social trust and late HIV diagnosis and mortality differed by race/ethnicity, and investigated potential indirect effects of any observed difference...

Although there is growing evidence that males tend to suffer higher levels of parasitism than females, the implications of this for the population dynamics of the host population are not yet understood. Here we build on an established 'two-sex' model and investigate how increased susceptibility to infection in males affects the dynamics, under different mating systems. We investigate the effect...

The paper develops a general equilibriummodel where population sources, such as fertility and mortality rates, are chosen variables. It is shown that the evolution of population over time depends on income and relative prices of mortality and fertility rates. Initially as a country develops, countries should face a period with increasing fertility and higher population growth rates but later fe...

BACKGROUND Evidence on the effect of community social capital on suicide mortality rates is fragmentary and inconsistent. The present study aims to determine whether geographic variations in suicide mortality across the Netherlands were associated with community social capital. METHODS We included 3507 neighbourhoods with 6207 suicide deaths in the period 1995-2000. For each neighbourhood, we...

Population genetic analyses often require the estimation of parameters such as population size and migration rates. In the 1960s, enzyme electrophoresis was developed; it was the first method to gather co-dominant data from many individuals in many populations relatively easily. Summary statistics methods, such as allele-frequency based F-statistics (Wright 1951), were used to estimate populati...

Statistics is the mathematical science dealing with the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of numerical information (data). In descriptive statistics, raw data are simplified as tables, graphs, and summary statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics is used to analyse and draw conclusions about a population of interest using data taken from a sample of the pop...

It is not rare to analyze large data sets these days. Large data is usually of census type and is called the micro data in econometrics. The basic method of analysis is to estimate a single regression equation with common coefficients over the whole data. The same applies to other method of estimation such as the discrete choice models, Tobit models, and so on. Heterogeneity in the data is usua...