CIE, Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage – The CIE is an independent, nonprofit organization responsible for the international coordination of lighting-related technical standards, including colorimetry standards. Color-matching functions – Functions of wavelength l that describe the amounts of three fixed primary lights which, when mixed, match a monochromatic light of wavelength l of con...

Exposure of albino rats to incandescent radiant energy for a short period of time in an elevated environmental temperature (39 degrees C) causes degenerative changes in the extraocular muscles. The muscle fibres regenerate and the muscles reorganize if the animals are returned to room lighting and temperature. Extraocular muscles (EOMs) were damaged first near their insertion on the eyeball. Al...

Available output in the Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) may be expressed as radiant power at the beam pivot (SLO exit pupil), in units of microwatts (microW). This power corresponds to dimensions of brightness (like luminance and retinal illuminance) and to a range of related measures (like cd/m2, lm/m2, and the troland value) in both free and Maxwellian views. We demonstrate that the conve...