Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals are at increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). TB incidence remains higher than in non-HIV subjects after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence positive IGRA, reflecting latent infection and/or a history TB, HIV-infected ART initiation Japan. Methods Two IGR...

INTRODUCTION HIV positive individuals are prone to malnutrition due to inadequate dietary intake. Additionally, in low-income countries, including Nigeria, stigmatization and discrimination result in a lack of support for HIV-positive individuals ultimately contributing to even further reduced food availability and inadequate dietary intake. This study aimed to determine the nutrirional status ...

background it is important to differentiate whether isolated anti-hbc is due to false positive results or the prior exposure to hepatitis b virus, because individuals with false-positive anti-hbc can benefit from vaccination and their blood can be safely transfused. to distinguish between these two conditions, we evaluated the serologic response to hepatitis b vaccine. methods ninety subjects w...