purpose: to report a case of posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (pion) following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl). patient and findings: a 57-year-old male who underwent pcnl because of renal stone was referred due to painless bilateral visual loss to the level of light perception immediately after the operation. the patient had history of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and mild anemia....

background: the aim of this study is to evaluate the geometry of the distal femur and the proximal tibia in the osteoarthritic knee using 3d reconstructive ct scan imaging. methods: 449 patients with knee osteoarthritis were treated surgically in our center with patient-specific technology total knee arthroplasty. preoperatively, all the patients underwent a ct scan according to a standard prot...

The normal and lateral line cycloid scales of a cyprinid fish Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901 have been subjected to scanning electron microscopy technique to study their detailed structure. The scales have the general morphological characteristics of the cycloid scales. In the normal scale located below the dorsal fin, the focus lies on the anterior region with few mucous pores. There is ...

AIM Departmental survey of the pediatric laparoscopic and thoracoscopic procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is a retrospective study from January 1999 to December 2007. The various types of surgeries, number of patients, complications and conversions of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic procedures were analyzed. RESULTS The number of minimally invasive procedures that had been performed over ...

INTRODUCTION Epididymitis in patients with anorectal malformation (ARM) represents a unique problem because unlike the general population, an underlying urinary tract problem is frequently identified. We review our experience with epididymitis in ARM population with an emphasis on examining urologic outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective review of male patients with ARM ...

posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (pres) is associated with various clinical manifestations such as headache, blurred vision, confusion and tonic-clonic convulsion. some of the predisposing factors for pres include hypertensive encephalopathy, preeclampsia and eclampsia, lupus erythematosus, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs. this condit...

background: long surgery causes hypothermia and increased bleeding and can increase the arterial blood lactate levels during anesthesia. it causes cellular hypoxia and its complications. considering the core temperature of the patient during surgery it can prevent hypoxia. this study aimed to compare the effects of different temperatures on the core temperature and the concentrations of lactate...

overactive bladder (oab) is a disabling disorder. treatment of cases with oab includes behavioral, pharmacological, surgical interventions and peripheral electrical stimulation. the goal of this study was to determine effects of posterior tibial nerve stimulation on sexual function and pelvic disorders in women with overactive bladder (oab). fifty women were randomly assigned to ptns (posterior...

aneurysmal bone cyst (abc) is an expansile bone lesion that usually involves the long bones. skull base involvement is rare. hereby, we describe a 17-year-old man with hoarseness, facial asymmetry, left sided sensorineural hearing loss and left jugular foramen syndrome. ct scan and mri showed a skull base mass that was confirmed as abc in histopathology. the case was unusual and interesting due...

purpose : a review of posterior capsule opacification (pco) after cataract surgery and some affecting factors methods : a cross-sectional study was designed to study cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery between 2003 and 2006 in farabi eye hospital, tehran, iran. random sampling was done. those with a history of uveitis, intraocular surgery, and eye trauma were excluded from the stud...