Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a heterogeneous syndrome, characterized by beta-cell failure in the setting of obesity-related insulin resistance. T2DM has a progressive course and is associated with a high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, regardless of the treatment used. The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are secreted in the ...
