The polyadic μ-calculus is a modal fixpoint logic whose formulas define relations of nodes rather than just sets in labelled transition systems. It can express exactly the polynomial-time computable and bisimulation-invariant queries on finite graphs. In this paper we show a hierarchy result with respect to expressive power inside the polyadic μ-calculus: for every level of fixpoint alternation...

5 Overview 'Power relations must figure significantly in explanations of poverty and inequality.' This paper examines that statement and concludes that relations of power underpin inequality and are among the critical variables that cause and keep people in poverty. It, therefore, underscores the importance of integrating 'power' into analyses of inequality and poverty. The paper's main objecti...

As analogue to special values at positive integers of the Riemann zeta function, we consider Carlitz zeta values ζC(n) at positive integers n. By constructing t-motives after Papanikolas, we prove that the only algebraic relations among these characteristic p zeta values are those coming from the Euler-Carlitz relations and the Frobenius p-th power relations.

Let Θ be an arbitrary variety of algebras and H an algebra in Θ. Along with algebraic geometry in Θ over the distinguished algebra H, a logical geometry in Θ over H is considered. This insight leads to a system of notions and stimulates a number of new problems. Some logical invariants of algebras H ∈ Θ are introduced and logical relations between different H1 and H2 in Θ are analyzed. The pape...

The two main types of law are legislation and precedents. Both types have a corresponding reasoning pattern determining legal consequences: legislation can be applied and precedents followed. The separate modelling of these two reasoning patterns using logical techniques has recently seen considerable progress. About the logical links between the two less is known, although progress has already...

Physician assistants (PAs) have been used for decades in the Canadian military. Now, PAs are being introduced in various clinical settings to provide patient care for the general population. This article reviews major developments in the PA profession across Canada over the last decade. Nearly 541 PAs are employed in Canada or work for a Canadian agency. Growing evidence demonstrates the positi...

A paper previously published in Law and Human Behavior by D. Davis and W. C. Follette (2002) argued that certain "profiling" characteristics commonly admitted into court have little or no probative value. They argued that this is especially likely to be true when the characteristic used as evidence (e.g., having an extramarital affair) is rather common in the population whereas the act in quest...

Critical Language Assessment (CLA) argues that language testing is a form of social practice and an agent of cultural, social, educational as well as ideological agendas. As such this article scrutinized the power that different groups of people including, teachers, students and their parents own at the levels of developing, administrating and interpreting Iranian University Entrance Examinatio...

Endowing agents that prefer cooperative outcomes with asymmetric power substantially increase the chances that both cooperative agents survive and that cooperative worlds evolve across a variety of structural settings of conflict and cooperation present in international relations; particularly when agents are endowed with the ability to selectively interact with other agents. These results are ...