One of transient phenomenon that causes the mal-operation of the power transformer differential protection during the energization of a loaded power transformer is the ultra-saturation phenomenon. In this paper, a new model for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the energization of a loaded power transformer is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the pow...

This paper presents performance evaluation of a new architecture for phasor estimation within IEC 61850 substation Process-Bus. To benefit from the raw IEC 61850-9-2 Sampled Measured Values streamed with high sampling rate from various Merging Units at substation bay level, Unsented Kalman Filter is proposed to be utilized in the computation of Phasor at substation process level to enhance the ...

Received Mar 2, 2014 Revised Jul 10, 2014 Accepted Jul 23, 2014 The high level electric field intensity produced by high voltage (HV) equipments inside 500/220 kV substations is harmful for the human (staff) health. Therefore the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risk arising from electric fields produced inside these substations is still considered...

This paper presents the design of earthing system for 132 KV substation and simulation for calculation of required parameters. This paper is to provide information pertinent to safe earthing practices in ac substation design and to establish the safe limits of potential difference under normal and fault conditions. The grounding grid system of a practical 220 kV substation is calculated by MATL...