This article explores the contributions of a pragmatist approach to social innovation studies. It characterizes epistemological assumptions pragmatism and its implications conceive “science in action.” pragmatisms developing perspective analyze civil society action promote innovation, focusing on key notions “public inquiry” “democratic experimentalism.” The aim is discuss contributions, challe...

Explanatory and pragmatic trials represent ends of a continuum of attitudes about clinical trial design. Recent literature argues that pragmatic trials are more informative about clinical care in the real world. Although there is place for more pragmatic studies to inform clinical practice and health policy decision-making, we are concerned that it is generally under-appreciated that extrapolat...

veryfew attempts have been made in the past to develop instruments to measure pragmatic knowledge of second language (l2) learners. the absence of such instruments in the literature of english language teaching (elt) underscores the need for the researchers to develop new tests that are specifically designed to assess this crucial but less explored aspect of language learners’ (lls) knowledge. ...

The coupled motion of electrons and protons occurs in many proteins. Using appropriate tools for calculation, the three-dimensional protein structure can show how each protein modulates the observed electron and proton transfer reactions. Some of the assumptions and limitations involved in calculations that rely on continuum electrostatics to calculate the energy of charges in proteins are outl...