Jaeger [J. Graph Theory 3 (1979) 91-93] proved that if a graph has two edge-disjoint spanning trees, then it is supereulerian, i.e., that it has a spanning closed trail. Catlin [J. Graph Theory 12 (1988) 29-45] showed that if G is one edge short of having two edge-disjoint spanning trees, then G has a cut edge or G is supereulerian. Catlin conjectured that if a connected graph G is at most two ...

Estimations by previous studies show that a minor amount of the Indian monsoon rainfall is contributed by Indian monsoon depressions (IMDs). In contrast, other studies found that approximately half of the summer monsoon rainfall in the northern Indian subcontinent is generated by IMDs. IMDs occur an average of six times during the summer season and provide a crucial water source to the agricult...