In order to secure a specified preload level, suitability tests for preloading of HV and HR high-strength structural bolting assemblies according EN 14399-4 14399-3 are mandatory the specifications given in 14399-2. However, 14399-2 ISO 16047 actual working conditions processes on construction site disregarded: influences high low temperatures as well storage under changing wet/dry conditions, ...

Prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) combined with preloading is one way to deal soft soil conditions. The predicted settlement becomes the first information in designing surcharge, PVD configuration and depth, time required complete consolidation. Prediction of consolidation that using one-dimensional theory considerably underestimated field along construction surcharge placement stage. This pap...

The paper considers some results of creating load-carrying composite systems that have uprated strength, rigidity and safety, therefore are called geometrically (self-) hardening systems. optimization mathematic models structures as discrete mechanical withstanding dead load, monotonic or low cyclic static kinematic actions proposed. To find limit parameters these the extreme energetic principl...

There is evidence that reperfusion injury of cardiac tissue may be caused by the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals and oxidants and by the induction of intracellular calcium overload, although the relation between these two mechanisms of injury is uncertain. In addition, the relation between the types of cellular injury and specific active species is unclear. In an attempt to resolve t...

Perioperative fluid therapy is the subject of much controversy, and the results of the clinical trials investigating the effect of fluid therapy on outcome of surgery seem contradictory. The aim of this chapter is to review the evidence behind current standard fluid therapy, and to critically analyse the trials examining the effect of fluid therapy on outcome of surgery. The following conclusio...

Accumulation of fatigue microdamage in cortical bone specimens is commonly measured by a modulus or stiffness degradation after normalizing tissue heterogeneity by the initial modulus or stiffness of each specimen measured during a preloading step. In the first experiment, the initial specimen modulus defined using linear elastic beam theory (LEBT) was shown to be nonlinearly dependent on the p...