Preterm pigs show many signs of immaturity that are characteristic of preterm infants. In preterm infants, the cerebellum grows particularly rapid and hypoplasia and cellular lesions are associated with motor dysfunction and cognitive deficits. We hypothesized that functional brain delays observed in preterm pigs would be paralleled by both structural and molecular differences in the cerebellum...

BACKGROUND The number of preterm birth is increasing worldwide, especially in low income countries. Malawi has the highest incidence of preterm birth in the world, currently estimated at 18.1 percent. The aim of this study was to explore the perceived causes of preterm birth, care practices for preterm newborn babies and challenges associated with preterm birth among community members in Mangoc...

OBJECTIVE There is much concern about potential neurodevelopmental impairment after neonatal corticosteroid treatment for chronic lung disease. Dexamethasone is the corticosteroid most often used in this clinical setting, and it has been shown to impair cortical growth among preterm infants. This study evaluated long-term effects of prematurity itself and of neonatal hydrocortisone treatment on...

UNLABELLED Preterm birth increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes and is the leading cause of neonatal mortality. A significant cause of preterm birth is in utero infection with vaginal microorganisms. These vaginal microorganisms are often recovered from the amniotic fluid of preterm birth cases. A vaginal microorganism frequently associated with preterm birth is group B streptococcus (GBS...

background: there are strong evidences suggesting the secretion of different cytokines in cervical fluid during preterm labor. betamethasone is widely administered for several reasons in preterm conditions. objective: to investigate the possible effect of betamethasone on endocervical cytokine concentration of women at risk of preterm labor. methods: in a randomized clinical trial of 80 prime-g...

I t has been nearly a decade since the publication of Nutrition of the Preterm Infant, Second Edition. Numerous changes in neonatal care have occurred in the interim, and the need to refine nutritional care of the preterm infant is apparent. The science base indicates gaps in our knowledge of appropriate nutritional support and the need to establish new recommendations have evolved. Thus, we no...

OBJECTIVE To explore the incidence of preterm delivery, maternal risk factors for having a preterm neonate, and preterm neonates' mortality in Jordan. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional population-based design was applied. Socio-demographic, perinatal, delivery risk factors, and survival information were gathered in pre- and post-hospital discharge interviews with 21075 women who gave bi...

BACKGROUND Preterm birth rates have increased substantially in the recent years mostly due to obstetric intervention. We studied the effects of increasing iatrogenic preterm birth on temporal trends in perinatal mortality and serious neonatal morbidity in the United States. METHODS We used data on singleton and twin births in the United States, 1995-2005 (n = 36,399,333), to examine trends in...

OBJECTIVE Preterm birth has been associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and cognitive impairments similar to those seen in ADHD, including attention and inhibitory control difficulties. Yet data on direct comparisons across ADHD and preterm birth on cognitive-neurophysiological measures are limited. METHOD We directly compared 186 pr...

and mortality worldwide. Spontaneous preterm labor, with intact or rupture of the chorioamniotic membranes, is responsible for two-thirds of all preterm births. The cost of preterm birth to society is estimated to be approximately $20 billion per year in the United States alone.1 Until recently, preterm labor was considered to result from extemporaneous activation of the components ofthe common...