PURPOSE Underage drinking is strictly prohibited by law, nevertheless, adolescents report having access through social supply from family, friends and other members of the society. The aim of this study was to determine the primary suppliers of alcohol to Korean teenagers. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Data were collected from 21 high schools in geographically diverse regions in Sou...

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use and associated factors among patients with tuberculosis in South Africa. In a cross-sectional survey new tuberculosis (TB) and TB retreatment patients were consecutively screened using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) within one month of anti-tuberculosis treatment. The sample included 4,...

OBJECTIVE Alcohol intake increases the risk of acute lung injury (ALI) and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and is associated with poor outcomes in patients who develop these syndromes. No specific therapies are currently available to treat or decrease the risk of ARDS in patients with alcoholism. We have recently shown increased levels of lung adenosine inhibit alveolar fluid cle...

DESCRIPTION Update of the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement on screening and behavioral counseling interventions in primary care to reduce alcohol misuse. METHODS The USPSTF reviewed new evidence on the effectiveness of screening for alcohol misuse for improving health outcomes, the accuracy of various screening approaches, the effectiveness of various...

BACKGROUND Brief alcoholism screening questionnaires have not been adequately studied in the rapidly growing Latino population living in the United States. OBJECTIVE To assess (1) the prevalence of alcoholism and (2) the performance of 2 alcohol screening instruments in Latinos. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional interview study in an urban teaching hospital-based primary c...

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Alcohol misuse and harm are more prevalent amongst sports people than non-sports people. Few studies have trialled interventions to address alcohol misuse for this group. The study aimed to test the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce alcohol misuse and related harms amongst amateur sports people in Ireland. DESIGN AND METHODS A controlled trial was conducted in t...

BACKGROUND Heavy drinking jeopardizes the health of patients in HIV primary care. In alcohol dependent patients in HIV primary care, a technological enhancement of brief intervention, HealthCall administered via interactive voice response (HealthCall-IVR) was effective at reducing heavy drinking. The smartphone offered a technology platform to improve HealthCall. METHODS Working with input fr...

Excessive alcohol consumption is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, but few heavy drinkers receive treatment. Primary care physicians are in a position to address heavy drinking and alcohol use disorders with patients, and can do so quickly and effectively. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism has published a guide for physicians that offers an evidence-ba...

During 1975 we studied 100 patients--77 men and 23 women--who had a history of alcohol abuse and disturbed liver function test results. On presentation the women were less likely to be suspected of alcohol abuse (9; 38%) than the men (59; 77%). Although the quantity of alcohol consumed and length of history of alcohol abuse were similar for men and women, the incidence of chronic advanced liver...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity (≥2 chronic health problems) among Korean submariners and to evaluate the association between submarine service and multimorbidity and disease burden. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This cross-sectional study included 590 naval personnel who visited a Korean primary care clinic during 2014-2015. Data regarding general characteristics a...