Certain tumors occur more frequently in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HlV)-infected individuals: since 1985, high-grade non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma has been an AIDS-defining illness [1]. It has been calculated that at least 5%-10% of HIV-infected individuals develop a lymphoma during the course of the infection [2]. Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL), which in recent decades have also ...

The authors investigated objective response rate to high dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-based combination chemotherapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and sought to identify factors that influence response to HDMTX-based combination therapy. Prospective observational analysis was performed on 52 PCNSL patients. All patients received HDMTX (3.5 g/m(2)) and vincristine (1.4 mg/m(2)...

Rationale: Primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and aggressive entity that resides in an immune-privileged site. The tumor microenvironment (TME) the disruption of immune surveillance influence pathogenesis immunotherapy resistance. Despite growing knowledge on heterogeneous therapeutic responses, no comprehensive description PCNSL TME available. We hen...

Recurrence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) after initial diagnosis and treatment occurs within 2 years in most patients, and relapse after 5 years is rare. We evaluated late relapse in our PCNSL population. We identified 10 patients from our database of 378 patients (268 achieved a complete response and 230 had relapse) with PCNSL who had relapse ≥5 years after initial diagno...

BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) may rarely be preceded by "sentinel demyelination," a pathologic entity characterized by histologically confirmed demyelinating inflammatory brain lesions that mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Interpreting the overlapping radiologic and clinical characteristics associated with each of these c...

BACKGROUND Standard salvage therapy has not been established for recurrent primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). We report the final results of a prospective study on topotecan chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory PCNSL. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 27 patients with a median age of 51 years and an ECOG performance status of 2. Fourteen patients were refractory to the l...

Each cell in HIV-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) harbors latent EBV. Notably, the triggering of TLR9, a key event in HIV pathogenesis, also promotes EBV latency and transformation. We hypothesized that because only a minority of HIV-infected patients develops PCNSL, their B cells exhibit aberrant signaling responses to TLR9 triggering. We found higher levels of IL-6, ...

BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The aim was to evaluate response rate, progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity in PCNSL after systemic R-IDARAM and intrathecal immunochemotherapy with deferred radiotherapy. RESULTS The response rate was 94% with 17 (89%) complete responses and 1 (5%) par...

Abstract Background Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) often suffer from opportunistic infections and related primary central nervous system lymphoma (AR-PCNSL). Both diseases showed multiple ring enhancement lesions in conventional magnetic resonance (MR). It is very difficult to make the differential diagnosis. We aimed investigate whether multimodal MR (diffusion weight...

Introduction: In order to explore the immune cell infiltration and PDL1 expression in tumor microenvironment (TME) of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), we conducted this research discussed therapeutic importance prognostic significance TME. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues 36 patients diagnosed with PCNSL. 3–5 fields were taken repr...