Electro-optical printed circuit board technology (EOCB) based on integrated planar polymer optical waveguides has been the subject of research and development for many years to provide a cost viable, fully integrated system embedded optical interconnect solution, however a number of constraints of this technology have yet to be overcome. Optical coupling loss at the input and output of the wave...

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are an indispensable part of every electronic device used today. With its computing power, it performs tasks in much smaller dimensions, but the process making and sorting PCBs can be a challenge PCB factories. One main challenges factories that use robotic manipulators for “pick place” object orientation because manipulator misread thereby grasp incorrectly, this ...

As many emerging technologies require the use of high-speed signals, understanding dielectric properties materials used in manufacturing printed circuit boards (PCBs) is an essential aspect for accurate designs, especially at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies. This work demonstrates a methodology extracting complex relative permittivity substrates covering mm-wave For this purpose, low-temp...

Deep learning methods are currently used in industries to improve the efficiency and quality of product. Detecting defects on printed circuit boards (PCBs) is a challenging task usually solved by automated visual inspection, optical manual supervised methods, such as you only look once (YOLO) tiny YOLO, YOLOv2, YOLOv3, YOLOv4, YOLOv5. Previously described for defect detection PCBs require large...

This paper investigates the power bus noise and power bus impedance of printed circuit boards with four different kinds of embedded capacitance. These boards have power-ground plane pairs separated by a very thin layer of material with high dielectric permittivity. It is shown that embedded capacitance effectively reduces power bus noise over the entire frequency range evaluated (up to 5 GHz).