ICTs have been drawn into the ‘development’ field as potential tools for poverty alleviation and economic and social development. There is not, however, a single accepted definition of ‘development’ in ICT for development (ICT4D) projects. The lack of a single definition has implications for the design, implementation, and evaluation of ICT4D initiatives. Our goal in this paper is to problemati...

The development of software for the public sector brings a number of challenges with it. Current development methods can handle some of the these challenges, while some challenges cannot be handled or could be handled better. If errors occur during the development or implementation of a system the consequences could be severe, even to the point where the system will not be used in the end. The ...

Market segmentation is one of the most widely accepted concepts in marketing. Its fundamental thesis is that, to achieve competitive advantage and, thereby, superior financial performance, firms should (1) identify segments of demand, (2) target specific segments, and (3) develop specific marketing “mixes” for each targeted market segment. However, understanding the competitive circumstance in ...

Transparency has become a buzzword in contemporary literature of Planning. However, it is NOT a well-constrained concept. This term is defined differently from different fundamental positions (Sen 1999; Stiglitz 2003; Florini 2007). Public private partnerships in infrastructure development are popularly known for offering transparent planning process. This study argues that transparency is narr...

The number of privately managed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is small but increasing. Chumbe Island Coral Park (CHICOP), established in 1991 and possibly the first fully functioning MPA in Tanzania, provides an interesting illustration of issues that arise with the instalment of a privately created and managed protected area. Challenges caused by the legal and institutional environment for pri...

rivate participation in the provision of infrastructure is less than was once expected, particularly in developing countries. Some reasons for this are identified in this paper. It is argued that the problem of dealing with market power in the provision of infrastructure services is similar to that of other forms of procurement in the presence of long-lived and immobile assets employed specific...

Brennan and Solomon (2008) identify six new frontiers in accountability and corporate governance research to stimulate research. This paper contributes to such research by devising a reporting framework and research agenda that relates to Brennan and Solomon’s fourth frontier, sectors and context, focusing on the regulated hybrid organisational forms of Public Private Partnerships, which operat...

Electronic voting protocols proposed to date meet their properties based on Public Key Cryptography (PKC), which offers high flexibility through key agreement protocols and authentication mechanisms. However, when PKC is used, it is necessary to implement Certification Authority (CA) to provide certificates which bind public keys to entities and enable verification of such public key bindings. ...

Implementation of electricity reform has coincided with a significant decline in energy R&D activities. Technical progress is crucial for tackling many energy and environmental issues as well as for long-term efficiency improvement in the sector. This paper reviews the industrial organisation literature on innovation to explore the causes of the decline in energy R&D spending and shows that it ...

Marine-oriented nature-based tourism plays an important socio-economic role, and provides an incentive for conservation in many coastal regions. However, accelerating global change, and the associated socio-economic and political change may have severe consequences for marine tourism at the local level. Thus, understanding the ability of sectors within marine tourism to cope with, and adapt to,...