We have developed an order level inventory system for deteriorating items with demand rate as a ramp type function of time. The finite production rate is proportional to the demand rate and the deterioration rate is independent of time. The unit production cost is inversely proportional to the demand rate. The model with no shortages case is discussed considering that: (a) the demand rate is st...

In reality, a seller (e.g., a supplier or a manufacturer) frequently offers his/her buyers trade credit (e.g., permissible delay in payment). Trade credit reduces the buyer's holding cost of inventory and hence attracts new buyers who consider it to be a type of price reduction. On the other hand, granting trade credit also increases the seller's opportunity cost (i.e., the loss of capital oppo...

In this work, an integrated model of economic production quantity, economic design of an -control chart, and preventive maintenance are investigated under non-uniform quality control parameters. The effect on the expected total cost and quality control cost is investigated with three different assumptions of the quality control parameters. Using a tabu seach algorithm, the optimal values of qua...

The traditional method of determining the optimal Economic Manufacturing Quantity (EMQ) policy for an unreliable production system is the minimization of the expected cost per unit time in the steady state which does not consider the reliability of the system in true sense. The purpose of this article is to introduce an alternative criterion of optimality called cost effectiveness which takes i...

This paper derives a production model for the lot-size inventory system with finite production rate, taking into consideration the effect of decay and the condition of permissible delay in payments, in which the restrictive assumption of a permissible delay is relaxed to that at the end of the credit period, the retailer will make a partial payment on total purchasing cost to the supplier and p...

Human food security requires the production of sufficient quantities of both high-quality protein and dietary energy. In a series of case-studies from New Zealand, we show that while production of food ingredients from crops on arable land can meet human dietary energy requirements effectively, requirements for high-quality protein are met more efficiently by animal production from such land. W...

Physical risk taking activities can be classified along a continuum ranging from prosociality to antisociality, the risky sports being in an intermediate point of that hypothetical dimension. The present study was aimed at identifying the personality variables common to those who engage in physical risky activities, and those that differentiate among the groups along the continuum. The sample c...

Background and Objectives: Traditionally, depression among adolescents has been considered uncommon, with around 5% estimated to suffer from depressive disorder. The purpose is to investigate occurrence and psychological correlates for depressive symptoms in male and female high school adolescents in urban and rural settings. Methods: Participants were 1,069 high school students (response rate ...

In practice, in order to reduce default risks with credit-risk customers, a seller (e.g., a manufacturer or a retailer) frequently requests its credit-risk customers to pay a fraction of the purchase amount at the time of placing an order as collateral deposit, and then grants a permissible delay on the outstanding balance (i.e., a down-stream partial trade credit). By contrast, the seller usua...

The relationship between the SSS and EPQ personality dimensions and reinforcement sensitivity was examined in 140 undergraduates using a non-reversal shift concept formation task. Differences in reinforcement sensitivity related to sensation seeking (SS) were not found, although this trait and the EPQ scales were correlated with the Reward and Punishment Expectancy scales from a newly developed...