Motivated by the amount of code that goes unidentified on the web, we introduce a practical method for algorithmically identifying the programming language of source code. Our work is based on supervised learning and intelligent statistical features. We also explored, but abandoned, a grammatical approach. In testing, our implementation greatly outperforms that of an existing tool that relies o...

Analog recurrent neural networks have attracted much attention lately as powerful tools of automatic learning. We formally define a high level language, called NEural Langage, which is rich enough to express any computer algorithm or rulebased system. We show how to compile a NEL program to a network which computes exactly as the original program and requires the same computation time. We sugge...

Event-driven programming is used in many fields of modern Computer Science. In event-driven programming languages user interacts with a program by triggering the events. We propose a new approach that we denote command-event driven programming in which the user interacts with a program by means of events and commands. We describe a new programming language, T2Script, which is based on command-e...

Orc was originally presented as a process calculus. It has now evolved into a full programming language, which we describe in this paper. The language has the structure and feel of a functional programming language, yet it handles many non-functional aspects effectively, including spawning of concurrent threads, time-outs and mutable state. We first describe the original concurrency combinators...

In this paper, we have presented a new approach of programming languages inter-conversion which can be applied to all types of programming languages. The idea is about implementation of the intermediate language for inter-conversion. This language can be used to store the logic of the program in an algorithmic format without disturbing the structure of the original program. This paper also disc...

A theory of data types and a programming language based on category theory are presented. Data types play a crucial role in programming. They enable us to write programs easily and elegantly. Various programming languages have been developed, each of which may use different kinds of data types. Therefore, it becomes important to organize data types systematically so that we can understand the r...

For Your Amusement " C is quirky, flawed, and an enormous success. While accidents of history surely helped, it evidently satisfied a need for a system implementation language efficient enough to displace assembly language, yet sufficiently abstract and fluent to describe algorithms and interactions in a wide variety of environments. "-Dennis Ritchie 2 Goals of this Lecture Help you learn about...

Ambiguously formulated and constantly changing requirements for software systems make it hard to translate them into working code. To overcome these problem, we propose an approach that consolidates the requirements specification level with the design and implementation levels in order to shorten the path from initial requirements to the final code. The end-user of the system will be able to sp...

Selecting a right programming language for introductory CS courses is not an easy task. The pressure to use a commercially successful language can easily be the most significant factor in choosing the language. However, several studies suggest that it is preferable to use language especially designed for teaching. These languages are usually some kind of pseudo languages, defined by the program...

class ML1_Element { name : String; inv nonempty_name: name != null and name.len() > 0 } Note that the DSL fragment is written in an entirely different syntax than Converge itself. Currently DSL blocks are automatically tokenized by the Converge compiler using its default tokenization rules — this is not a fundamental requirement of the technique, but a peculiarity of the current implementation....