BACKGROUND The risks and benefits of infection prophylaxis are uncertain in children with cancer and thus, preferences should be considered in decision making. The purpose of this report was to describe the attitudes of parents, children and healthcare professionals to infection prophylaxis in pediatric oncology. METHODS THE STUDY WAS COMPLETED IN THREE PHASES: 1) An initial qualitative pilot...

OBJECTIVES It was the aim of this study to evaluate the efficacy of single-dose fosfomycin prophylaxis as an alternative to fluoroquinolone-based prophylaxis in transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSBP). METHODS We evaluated the records of 620 patients who had undergone TRUSBP from January 2010 to July 2011. Patients received a single dose of 3 g oral fosfomycin or a singl...

While prophylaxis with factor VIII (FVIII) is considered the first choice therapy for patients with severe haemophilia A the optimal prophylaxis regimen is still under scientific debate. A recent study demonstrated efficacy and safety of a PK-tailored prophylaxis regimen with rFVIII (ADVATE) aimed to maintain FVIII trough levels of ≥1% (19). The annual bleed rate (ABR) could be significantly re...

Post-exposure rabies prophylaxis is provided by the Health Department of Western Australia to persons exposed to potentially rabid animals overseas. In addition, since the discovery of Australian bat lyssavirus in 1996, rabies prophylaxis has been provided to persons exposed or likely to be exposed to Australian bats. This article reviews the provision of rabies prophylaxis in Western Australia...

The experimental study of the Ingavirin efficacy against the influenza virus A (H5N1) on intranasally-infected albino mice vs. Tamiflue and Arbidol showed that when used for the prophylaxis, urgent prophylaxis and therapy it was effective in the protectiom of the animals from death. The efficient dose for the prophylaxis of the influenza infection was 5 mg/kg (protective efficacy of 46.7%) and ...

4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic indications As an adjunct to oral anti-coagulation for prophylaxis of thromboembolism associated with prosthetic heart valves. In combination with aspirin for: a. Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis as an alternative to subcutaneous heparin, other than in hip surgery. b. Prophylaxis of recurrent venous thrombosis resistant to oral anticoagulation. c. Pro...

Introduction: The most effective agent for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) remains unknown. The paucity of literature comparing the different methods of pulmonary embolus (PE) prophylaxis and fear of litigation make it difficult for surgeons to abandon the use of aggressive chemical prophylaxis. The purpose of our study is to comp...

AIM  Antibiotic prophylaxis aims to prevent infection of surgical sites before contamination or infection occurs. Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis does not enhance the prevention of surgical infection and is associated with higher rates of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. This review of the literature concerning antibiotic prophylaxis, with an emphasis on otolaryngologic surgery, aims to de...

Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is a highly prevalent secondary headache, developing in patients with frequent and chronic cephalalgias due to excessive use of “acute” medications for significantly affecting patients’ quality life. Treatment MOH demands high compliance physician-patient, the result satisfactory not all cases. For this reason, prophylaxis overuse symptomatic headaches importan...

There is a clear convergence toward an overarching strategic use of antiretroviral drugs to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Four interventions-immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the infected partner in a serodiscordant couple, preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP)-are all strongly reco...