Propylene glycol is discharged to the surface and underground waters and vicinity soils via industrial wastewater effluents, posing many health and environmental risks. The main goal of this study was to remove propylene glycol from synthetic wastewater in a fixed bed activated sludge reactor. To observe the effects of organic loading on bioreactor performance, the organic loading was increased...

Potassium t-butoxide dissolved in tetrahydrofuran effectively initiates homogeneous polymerization of propylene oxide at room temperature. Unsaturation and molar mass (M n ) of the polymers prepared depend on the presence of additives, such as macrocyclic ligand 18-crown-6 (L) and t-butanol. Application of the ligand alone results in distinct increase of unsaturation and decrease of M n , where...

Polycondensation in batch is the classical way to produce polyesters. However, this method requires harsh conditions reach high conversions and drive equilibrium of reaction forward. In order controlled polymers a greener way, we worked on enzymatic ring opening polymerization (e-ROP) lactones using CALB lipase immobilized porous beads (Novozym® 435) as catalyst 3-phenyl-1-propanol (PP) initiat...

Novel pH-sensitive gel-forming pentablock copolymers based on commercially available Pluronic (poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide), PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO) triblock copolymers and cationic diblock copolymers based on polyethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEGME) were synthesized by oxyanionic polymerization. Polymerization of the cationic moiety, poly((diethylamino)-ethyl m...

OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to evaluate the relationship between high-dose lorazepam and serum propylene glycol concentrations. Secondary objectives were a) to document the occurrence of propylene glycol accumulation associated with continuous high-dose lorazepam infusion; b) to assess the relationship between lorazepam dose, serum propylene glycol concentrations, and propylene glycol ...

Keratosis, one of the earliest skin manifestations of arsenicosis, can be treated by either oral or topical formulation of drug. In this study we examined the effectiveness and tolerance of propylene glycol for the treatment of arsenical palmer keratosis. Sixty patients of arsenicosis with palmer keratoses were randomly divided into three groups and different concentrations (15, 30 and 45%) of ...

Polyols are typically produced using batch processes and KOH as the dominant homogeneous catalyst. In this case, the main reaction is an ionic polymerization reaction, and products with narrow molecular weight distributions (MWDs) are typically obtained. As observed in living polymerization systems, polyols of varying molecular weights serve as starting points for manufacture of polyols of high...

AIM This study aimed to evaluate penetration of propylene glycol into root dentine. METHODOLOGY Safranin O in propylene glycol and in distilled water were introduced into root canals with and without artificial smear layer. Dye diffusion through dentinal tubules was determined spectrophotometrically. The time required for dye to exit through the apical foramen using propylene glycol and disti...

The metal-catalyzed polymerization of simple olefins, such as ethylene and propylene, has been one of the transformational discoveries in chemistry of the 20th century. It is difficult to imagine today’s civilization without ubiquitous plastics, such as polyethylene and related polymers. Although often attributed to Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, the winners of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry...

Propylene is an important raw material and extensively used in the petrochemical industry. There has been a continuously growing demand for propylene in recent years around the world1–3. The majority of propylene is produced as a byproduct from processes such as steam cracking of naphtha and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)4,5. Additional sources of propylene included dehydrogenation of propane, ...