In recent years, Brazil channeled efforts around the global agenda for the health of people. In October 2011, with the technical and financial support of the Brazilian Government, the World Health Organization held the World Conference on the Social Determinants of Health, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Rio Declaration, which came out of this global conference, included multiple commitments dra...

The Cardiac Safety Research Consortium (CSRC), a transparent, public-private partnership established in 2005 as a Critical Path Program and formalized in 2006 under a Memorandum of Understanding between the United States Food and Drug Administration and Duke University, is entering its second decade. Our continuing goal is to advance paradigms for more efficient regulatory science related to th...

Colleagues, legislative staff, interest groups, administrative agencies, universities and think tanks, the media, and constituents are some of the more commonly recognized sources of information for state legislators. Results of a survey of 507 legislators in 12 U.S. states reveal that ethnic associations, grassroots organizations, the Internet, local branches of national or state organizations...

Is there a relationship between local arts and culture production and local prosperity that is permanent rather than transitory? The answer to this question determines whether arts and culture production generates economic growth or a temporary ‘multiplier’ effect that diminishes over time. We argue that despite the obvious public policy interest in the subject there has been no fully satisfact...

In Australia, HTAs for medicines are carried out in two phases. First, a pharmaceutical company makes a submission to the Therapeutic Goods Administration, which assesses a medicine’s efficacy and safety. If the medicine is approved, an application can be made to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) to have the medicine subsidised by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). Th...

Rural communities in the United States have diversified and their dependence on agriculture has decreased substantially. In the 1980s, rural deindustrialization occurred and rural areas continued to become more service oriented: employment opportunities declined because of shifts in the world and U.S. economies, and anti-rural public policies. In response, some rural communities have become ent...

I read with interest the article " Science Policy, and the Transparency of Values " (Elliott and Resnik 2014) and wanted to make a few comments and observations. First, the authors noted that different levels of scien tific evidence are necessary depending on the venue in which that evidence is going to be used: High standards of evidence are necessary to infer causal rela­ tionships, with weak...

According to Olson’s concept of encompassing organizations, strong two-party, plurality oriented political systems should create more ‘responsible’ public policies than ‘weak’ multi-party governments based on proportional representation. An empirical measure of ‘encompassment’, termed popular cabinet support, is developed and tested in a multivariate controlled statistical analysis of 18 indust...

Stewardship is not a new concept for public policy, but has not been used to its optimum by the health policy-makers. Although it is being practiced in most successful models of health system, but the onus to this function is still due till date. Lately, few experts in World Health Organization (WHO) have realized its importance and have been raising the issue at different platforms to pursue t...

Recently, Huang et al. proposed an efficient authenticated key establishment scheme for self-organizing sensor networks. However, in their scheme, a sensor node and a security manager should exchange public-key certificates to authenticate each other. In this paper, we propose an efficient authenticated key establishment scheme which can reduce the communication cost of transmitting public-key ...