Background: Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immune deficiency, described as Job`s syndrome characterized by increased serum levels of IgE, eczema, recurrent cutaneous and pulmonary infections. In this paper, we presented a case of Hyper IgE syndrome.Case Presentation: A 16-year-old Iranian boy presented with a one year history of skin lesions in knees and elbows was diagnosed of pso...

The spread of antibiotic resistant-pathogens is driving the search for new antimicrobial compounds. Pulmonary infections experienced by cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are a dramatic example of this health-care emergency. Antimicrobial peptides could answer the need for new antibiotics but translating them from basic research to the clinic is a challenge. We have previously evaluated the potentia...

The differential diagnosis of new-onset pulmonary infiltrates during adjuvant therapy in a cancer patient is challenging. Opportunistic infections, pulmonary drug-induced toxicity and metastatic dissemination of the underlying cancer are the most common causes. However, although infrequent, the development of a second primary pulmonary neoplasia should be taken into account. We present the clin...

conclusions the frequency of nis in this hospital was lower in comparison with other worldwide studies. however, low incidence of health care-associated infections in our study may be due to under diagnosis and underreporting of such infections by health care staff. results the incidence of nis was low (i.e. < 2%). among 16936 admitted patients in this hospital, 174 patients (79 males and 95 fe...

Bacterial and viral respiratory tract infections result in millions of deaths worldwide and are currently the leading cause of death from infection. Acute inflammation is an essential element of host defense against infection, but can be damaging to the host when left unchecked. Effective host defense requires multiple lipid mediators, which collectively have proinflammatory and/or proresolving...

Human nocardiosis may present as an acute or a chronic infection. Although a saprophyte Nocardia spp are responsible for superficial skin infections, pulmonary infections, and disseminated nocardiosis usually involving patients who are immunosuppressed and debilitated. Infections in immunocompetent individuals are usually chronic and present non-specific symptoms. Invasive and disseminated noca...

The current diagnostic work-up and monitoring of pulmonary infections may be perceived as invasive, is time consuming and expensive. In this explorative study, we investigated whether or not a non-invasive exhaled breath analysis using an electronic nose would discriminate between cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) with or without various well characterized chronic pulmon...

Fifty-seven episodes of pulmonary infection occurred in 46 patients during a 11.5-year period, the incidence being 12% (57/475). After treatment, 22 patients recovered, and 24 died (52%). The etiology was determined in 47 infection episodes. 38(81%) of them were caused by bacteria, 6 by fungi, and 3 by tubercle bacilli. Comparisons were made between infected and noninfected groups. The results ...

Vaccinations are powerful tools to help prevent/minimize the consequences of infections. Currently available vaccines are protecting only part of the human population because of the age-related decrease in immune functions. Vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza are strongly recommended in children under 2 years of age and individuals over 65 years of age to protect them fro...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have therapeutic potential, particularly for localized infections such as those of the lung. Here we show that airway administration of a pegylated AMP minimizes lung tissue toxicity while nevertheless maintaining antimicrobial activity. CaLL, a potent synthetic AMP (KWKLFKKIFKRIVQRIKDFLR) comprising fragments of LL-37 and cecropin A peptides, was N-terminally pegy...