In this seminar we present the structure, operating regime and use of solid state laser with passive Qswitch. We give a description and comparison of two basic concepts of optical pumping, the lamp pumping and the diode pumping. Finally we present the Q-switch theory and more precisely passive Q-switch theory.

Sodium pumping rhodopsins (NaRs) are a unique member of the microbial-type I rhodopsin family which actively transport Na+ and H+ depending on ionic condition. In this study, we surveyed 12 different NaRs from various sources of eubacteria for their electrophysiological as well as spectroscopic properties. In mammalian cells several of these NaRs exhibited a Na+ based pump photocurrent and four...

OBJECTIVES Primary: to compare sequential and simultaneous breast pumping on volume of milk expressed and its fat content. Secondary: to measure the effect of breast massage on milk volume and fat content. DESIGN Sequential randomised controlled trial. SETTING Neonatal intensive care unit, North Staffordshire Hospital NHS Trust. SUBJECTS Data on 36 women were analysed; 19 women used simul...

We present a pumping lemma for the class of ε-contractions of pushdown graphs of level n, for each n. A pumping lemma was proposed by Blumensath, but there is an irrecoverable error in his proof; we present a new proof. Our pumping lemma also improves the bounds given in the invalid paper of Blumensath. 1998 ACM Subject Classification F.1.1 Models of Computation

Serotonin (5-HT) stimulates both pharyngeal pumping and egg laying in Caenorhabditis elegans. Four distinct 5-HT receptors have been partially characterized, but little is known about their function in vivo. SER-7 exhibits most sequence identity to the mammalian 5-HT7 receptors and couples to a stimulation of adenyl cyclase when expressed in COS-7 cells. However, many 5-HT7-specific agonists ha...

Understanding and quantification of wellbore skin improves our ability to accurately measure or estimate hydrologic parameters with tests at wells such as pumping tests, flowmeter tests, and slug tests. This paper presents observations and results from a series of field, laboratory, and modeling tests which, together, explain the source of wellbore skin at wells at a research wellfield and whic...