Deferent types of assessment are used to measure the achievements of the Student Learning Outcomes (SOs) and the Course LearningOutcomes (COs) like direct, indirect, quantitative and qualitative. It is powerful to have a good approach to report the data and automated system for evaluatingthe performance indicators used in the outcomesmeasurement.Since the Student Outcomes are unmeasurable, grou...

OBJECTIVES This study presents the indicators and proxy variables for the quantitative assessment of green chemistry technologies and evaluates the relative importance of each assessment element by consulting experts from the fields of ecology, chemistry, safety, and public health. METHODS The results collected were subjected to an analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of the indic...

In recent years research funding bodies have increased their emphasis on the engagement between researchers and the public. As part of this increased emphasis, the UK’s National Institute for Health Research aims to promote a research-active population. A way in which patients can be research-active is by participating in research interviews. In order to assess the past levels of this type of c...

Qualitative business survey data are used widely to provide indicators of economic activity ahead of the publication of official data. Traditional indicators exploit only aggregate survey information, namely the proportions of respondents who report “up” and “down”. This paper examines disaggregate or firm-level survey responses. It considers how the responses of the individual firms should be ...

OBJECTIVES Holistic sexuality education (HSE) is a new concept in sexuality education (SE). Since it differs from other types of SE in a number of important respects, strategies developed for the evaluation of the latter are not necessarily applicable to HSE. In this paper the authors provide a basis for discussion on how to evaluate HSE. METHODS First, the international literature on evaluat...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) often causes catastrophic economic effects on both the individual suffering the disease and their households. A number of studies have analyzed patient and household expenditure on TB care, but there does not appear to be any that have assessed the incidence, intensity and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) relating to TB care in China. That will ...

BACKGROUND Since 2007, integrated care of acute malnutrition has been promoted in Niger, a country affected by high burden of disease. This policy change aimed at strengthening capacity and ownership to manage the condition. Integration was neither defined nor planned but assumed to have been achieved. This paper studied the level and progress of integration of acute malnutrition interventions ...

BACKGROUND Accurate measurement of the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is complicated by factors related to definitions, timing, duration of recall, methods of analysis, and sample biases. Clearly prospective methods are likely to be more accurate but are too expensive to use in most large-scale surveys. Internationally, most surveys use a point-in-time or current status measurement (usuall...

This viewpoint paper explores the potential of genomics technology to provide accurate, rapid, and cost efficient observations of the marine environment. The use of such approaches in next generation marine monitoring programs will help achieve the goals of marine legislation implemented world-wide. Genomic methods can yield faster results from monitoring, easier and more reliable taxonomic ide...