the study focuses on identifying the university incubators existing infrastructure and their role in the university spin-offs establishment. the study adopts an integrated approach as its methodology. the statistical population includes all universities and colleges managers, experts in universities’ incubators in mazandaran province. to perform the sampling, the purposive sampling and stratifi...

at the beginning of twenty-first century, the water crisis in the priority policy andmanagement is inside and outside of the country as principle thoroughly human, social,economic and political rulers of the country is considered abundant. the world bank hasannounced that during 1960 and 2025, water resources in middle east, from 3430 m3 for theeach person in year reach to 667 m3 because of pop...

it development and its ease of use have caused the organizations to equip their processing and operations through it. it has been over a century that performance assessment has been a significant issue for management and actually has been performed in different ways. the current study aims to discover the effect of e-mail on performance assessment. therefore, mixed method has been used. the res...

Background: Unsustainable development of human societies, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, is one of the most important environmental hazards that require preservation of groundwater resources, and permanent study of qualitative and quantitative changes through sampling. Accordingly, this research attempts to assess and analyze the spatial variation of quantitative and qualitative indica...

The paper argues 1. that methodologies of qualitative research in psychology and the social sciences should be directed toward discoveries rather than reflexive interpretations. It gives a critical account of hermeneutics and the "interpretative paradigm" pointing to three drawbacks: inherent subjectivity of interpretations, restriction to Geisteswissenschaft or the qualitative form of data and...