The aims of surgical treatment for cholesteatoma include complete removal of disease and formation of a dry, self cleaning ear in addition to hearing reconstruction. This presentation concentrates on techniques of open mastoid surgery or modified radical mastoidectomy to achieve a well-constructed cavity. This study analyzes both primary and revision mastoid surgery referred to the author. ...

Diphthamide, the target of diphtheria toxin, is a unique posttranslational modification on eukaryotic and archaeal translation elongation factor 2 (EF2). The proposed biosynthesis of diphthamide involves three steps and we have recently found that in Pyrococcus horikoshii (P. horikoshii), the first step uses an S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent [4Fe-4S] enzyme, PhDph2, to catalyze the for...

This paper aims to explain what causes attempts at radical technological innovation in the military sphere to succeed or fail. Using four United States satellite reconnaissance programs as test cases, the paper also clarifies and enriches the associated historical record using recently declassified sources. Three hypotheses are derived from the military innovation and organization theory litera...

Free radicals involved in a number of diseases due to the oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins and which can result in failure of cellular functions. Dried plant bulbs and leaves methanolic and ethanolic extracts were prepared. Total antioxidant activities of the methanolic extracts of Romulea ramiflora and Gagea fibrosa were determined using β-caroten-linoleic acid assay. Romulea-...

radiation damage is to a large extent caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ros). radioprotectors are agents or substances that reduce the effects of radiation in healthy normal tissues while maintaining the sensitivity to radiation damage in tumor cells. radioprotectors are agents or substances that reduce the effects of radiation in healthy normal tissues while maintaining the ...

in this work, the study of various substituted kaempferol derivatives is presented. the bond dissociation energies (bde) have been calculated using b3lyp level and different basis sets in gas-phase. calculated results show that the bde values of substituted kaempferol range from about 77 to100 kcal/mol, demonstrating that kaempferol is an effective chain-breaking antioxidant that prevents lipid...

the present study was designed to explore the flavonoid contents and the radical scavenging activities of 50% ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, rachis and roots of dryopteris erythrosora. the total flavonoid contents in various parts were determined as: stems > roots > rachis > leaves. all extracts from different parts of d. erythrosora showed strong bioactivities. the dpph free radical scaven...

conclusions although the presence of pni in prostate biopsy is accompanied by higher surgical stages, pni is not an appropriate independent factor in risk stratification. patients and methods this cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 109 patients who attended a tertiary health care center from 2008 to 2013. the selection criteria were pni in prostate biopsy with gleason scores ...

We recently reported a new method for the direct dehydrogenative C-H silylation of heteroaromatics utilizing Earth-abundant potassium tert-butoxide. Herein we report a systematic experimental and computational mechanistic investigation of this transformation. Our experimental results are consistent with a radical chain mechanism. A trialkylsilyl radical may be initially generated by homolytic c...

conclusions trachelectomy represents a valuable conservative surgical approach for stage invasive cervical cancer. case report a 30-years-old woman with squamous cell cervical cancer stage (1 a ii) diagnosed at september 2011 expressed a wish for fertility-sparing treatment. radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy were performed which showed no evidence of lymp...