Methionine-enkephalin (ME) contents in the hypothalamus and other rat brain structures were measured immediately after 10 or 20 cGy whole-body X-irradiation. The ME contents of homogenates of the striatum, hypothalamus, midbrain + thalamus, hindbrain and pituitary were assayed radioimmunologically with 125I. The contents of all the structures, except the pituitary, decreased significantly after...

Published survival data for Chinese hamster ovarian cells CHO-K1 and their radiosensitive mutant xrs5 after irradiation by carbon ions of energies from 2.4 to 266.4 MeV u(-1) have been analysed using the probabilistic two-stage radiobiological model, which enables to represent the interplay of damage induction and repair processes. The results give support for the hypothesis that the difference...

Four cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (cylindroma) of accessory salivary tissue are described, and the diagnostic difficulties experienced are emphasized. The tumour infiltrates cranial and other nerves and may invade the central nervous system by this route. It is highly malignant and may metastasize widely both by haematogenous and lymphatic pathways. The tumour is radiosensitive and it is s...

Treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer remains a challenge because of the head and neck complex anatomy and the tumor invasion to the adjacent organs and/or metastases to the cervical nodes. Postoperative irradiation or concurrent chemoradiation may lead to damage of radiosensitive structures such as the salivary glands, mandible, cochlea, larynx, and pharyngeal muscles. Xerostomia,...

A previous communication (Billen, 1959a) described the alteration of the killing effect of X rays on Escherichia coli resulting from prior unbalanced growth. The possibility that the treatments by which the synthesis of protein, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and ribonucleic acid (RNA) could be separated, would be reflected in altered postirradiation synthesis was next investigated. A preliminary...

The growth of a small number of cells from each of two chemically induced BALB/c sarcomas was enhanced when x-irradiated (15,000 rads) cells of the same sarcoma were mixed with the tumor inoculum. This enhancement did not occur if the recipients had been given a total body x-irradiation of 450 rads. Tumor neutralization (Winn) tests showed that tumor cells irradiated in vitro enhanced tumor gro...

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody CSL360 modified with nuclear translocation sequence (NLS) peptides and labeled with the Auger electron-emitter, (111)In ((111)In-NLS-CSL360) was studied in the prevalent NOD/SCID mouse AML engraftment assay. Significant decreases in CD123(+) leukemic cells and impairment of leukemic stem cell self-renewal were achieved with high doses...

The role of thymic MHC class II-bearing cells in the selection of the TCR repertoire has been investigated in allogeneic radiation bone marrow chimeras. Positive selection of mature CD4+ T lymphocytes expressing the V beta 6+ TCR domain was found to depend upon radioresistant (presumably epithelial) I-E+ thymic cells. On the other hand, negative selection of CD4+ V beta 6+ cells (which was addi...

We studied the effects of an antiserum to human Ia-like antigens (p23,30) upon the polyclonal activation of normal B cells (cultured with various combination of irradiated and unirradiated T cells) to become immunoglobulin-secreting cells after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen in vitro. We found that the antiserum suppressed immunoglobulin production. The inhibitory effect did not appear to re...

BALB/c mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 10(6) cells from either of two syngeneic sarcomas 1315 and 1425. 6--8 days later, the mice were randomized into groups which were left untreated or given 400 rads of whole body irradiation. Irradiation significantly retarded the growth of both sarcomas, and complete regressions were seen of approximately equal to 30% of the small, established 1315...