There are many models that have been used to simulate the rainfall-runoff relationship. The artificial neural network (ANN) model was selected to investigate an approach of improving daily runoff forecasting accuracy in terms of data preprocessing. Singular spectrum analysis (SSA) as one data preprocessing technique was adopted to deal with the model inputs and the SSA-ANN model was developed. ...

The rainfall-runoff relationship is one of the most complex hydrological phenomena. In recent years, hydrologists have successfully applied backpropagation neural network as a tool to model various nonlinear hydrological processes because of its ability to generalize patterns in imprecise or noisy and ambiguous input and output data sets. However, the backpropagation neural network convergence ...

1.Introduction Use of proxy satellite observations for improving the model states of divergence, humidity and temperature has gained considerable impetus in the past one decade. Various researchers (Donner, 1998,Heckley et al, 1990, Krishnamurti, 1990) have used the satellite derived rainfall and moisture fields ameliorating the spin up problem in the tropics. Physical initialization methods (P...

Important characteristics of an appropriate river basin model, intended to study the effect of climate change on basin response, are the spatial and temporal resolution of the model and the rainfall input. The effects of input and model resolution on extreme discharge of a large river basin are assessed to give some indication on appropriate resolutions. A simple stochastic rainfall model and a...

APRIL 2003 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | O f all the weather elements for which forecasts are provided to the public, rainfall is perhaps of the greatest interest. While most people simply want to know whether they will need an umbrella that day, there is growing demand from industry, agriculture, government, and many other sectors for more detailed rainfall predictions. Unfortunately, rain...

The prediction of river, s discharge rate is one of the important issues in water resources engineering. This issue is very important for the planning, management, and policy making in water resources management, especially in the country like Iran, with limited water resources in line the economic and environmental development. Awareness of how the relationship between rainfall and run...

We exploit El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices and moist static energy of surface air over the Indian subcontinent and surroundings as predictors of monsoon rainfall over India during early and late seasons, defined here as 20 May to 15 June and 20 September to 15 October, respectively. Although these seasons contribute only ~22% of the entire seasonal rainfall, they clearly affect plan...