due to their widespread availability, sandstones are commonly used as a natural stone for buildings, monuments and sculptures. in thecurrent study, nine sandstone samples from the upper red formation (specified by the letters a, b, c, cg, s, s1, sh, tr and min)were studied from a petrophysical point of view and their durability was evaluated. then, their suitability as building stones wasassess...

Using solid building models, instead of the surface models in City Geography Markup Language (CityGML), can facilitate data integration between Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic System (GIS). The use however, introduces a problem model simplification on GIS side. aim this study is to solve by developing framework for generating simplified from BIM. In framework, set Level Detai...

Pressurization system in fire stairs is required for high-rise building safety evacuation attack. This paper has highlighted on the problem of WTC 6 with 18 floors related to In real situation, minimum air pressure (12.5 Pa) at closed condition and velocity (1 m/s) open door chamber as stated SNI 03-6571-2001 requirements are not fulfilled by building. Therefore, a CFD (Computational Fluid Dyna...

The Natural Resources Building (NRB) in Olympia, Washington, was shaken by three earthquakes (Mw = 5.8, 6.8, and 5.0) between 1999 and 2001. Building motions were recorded on digital accelerographs, providing important digital recordings of repeated strong shaking in a building. The NRB has 5-stories above grade with 3 sub-grade levels and a ductile steel-frame elongated in the E-W direction. T...

Damp building-related illnesses have caused concern for years in many countries. Although the problem is extensive, the knowledge of the immunological reactions behind damp building-related illnesses is still quite limited. Trichothecene mycotoxins form one major group of toxins, which possibly contribute to the illnesses. Stachybotrys chartarum is a well-known, but also controversial damp buil...