Despite the growing availability of big data in many fields, historical data on socioevironmental phenomena are often not available due to a lack of automated and scalable approaches for collecting, digitizing, and assembling them. We have developed a data-mining method for extracting tabulated, geocoded data from printed directories. While scanning and optical character recognition (OCR) can d...

This paper presents an automated system for storage and retrieval of bank checks in contrast with the microfilming techniques that are currently used. The bank check images are introduced into an extraction module where the filled– in information is segmented. This information is indexed via keywords derived from the MICR line and stored in a database under a hybrid structure where hash tables,...

SAS users are always interested in learning techniques related to improving data access. One way of improving information retrieval from a SAS data set or table is to create and use an index. An index consists of one or more columns that are used to uniquely identify each row within a table. Functioning as a SAS object containing the values in one or more columns in a table, an index may be def...

We present an instance based table integration algorithm. A table is a set of instances of a record which consists of fields. A field is a pair of an attribute name and a sequence of attribute values of the same type. Given tables, the algorithm calculates two numerical features for each field using character codes and then finds correspondence between fields among tables. The novelty of the al...

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is an important technology and has many advantages in storing information for both old and new documents. The Arabic language lacks both the variety of OCR systems and the depth of research relative to Roman scripts. An authoritative corpus is beneficial in the design and construction of any OCR system. Lexicon and stemming tools are essential in enhancing co...

In this paper it is proposed that one way of integrating what we know of the sociology of violence into a framework of individual action is to consider violent behaviour from a rational choice perspective. It is argued that conceptualising violence as the outcome of a rational choice or a decision on the part of the offender illuminates the goal directed, instrumental character of violence. A n...

A finite-state machine with n tapes describes a rational (or regular) relation on n strings. It is more expressive than a relational database table with n columns, which can only describe a finite relation. We describe some basic operations on n-ary rational relations and propose notation for them. (For generality we give the semiring-weighted case in which each tuple has a weight.) Unfortunate...

We introduce a recurrent neural network language model (RNN-LM) with long shortterm memory (LSTM) units that utilizes both character-level and word-level inputs. Our model has a gate that adaptively finds the optimal mixture of the character-level and wordlevel inputs. The gate creates the final vector representation of a word by combining two distinct representations of the word. The character...