In adult mammals, the production of insulin and other peptide hormones, such as the islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), is limited to β-cells due to tissue-specific expression of a set of transcription factors, the best known of which is pancreatic duodenal homeobox protein 1 (Pdx1). Like many homeodomain transcription factors, Pdx1 binds to a core DNA recognition sequence containing the tetranuc...

The evolution of molecular quasispecies on two diierent complex tness landscapes, the Sherrington Kirkpatrick spin glass and the Graph Bipartitioning landscape, is investigated in dependence on replication delity and population size. Three diierent regimes of replication delity are detected. At high copying delity one obtains a population with high mean tness localized around a time independent...