A method for full Stokes polarization imaging based on broadband liquid crystal grating (LCPG) is presented. Firstly, the properties of LCPG-based detection module, which consists a phase retarder and in series, were investigated by means calculus. The relationship between state incidence efficiencies diffractions was derived. Then, azimuth parameters module optimized using an equally weighted ...

We present the design of a 12 × 12 photonic crossbar interconnection network constructed using a single three-dimensional acousto-optic crystal. Previous crossbars based on bulk acousto-optic cells require multichannel deflectors with one deflector per optical input; in contrast the design presented here angularly multiplexes these independent deflectors into a single-transducer acousto-optic d...

Metamaterials, artificial electromagnetic media consisting of periodical subwavelength metal-based micro-structures, were widely suggested for the absorption of terahertz (THz) waves. However, they have been suffered from the absorption of THz waves just in the single-frequency owing to its resonance features. Here, in this paper, we propose a simple periodical structure, composed of two 90 deg...

In this paper, detailed numerical simulations of sound propagation in an urban environment are presented. The focus is on propagation from a “source canyon” to a distant “receiver canyon”. Such numerical simulations have to take into account multiple reflections, both specular and diffuse, multiple diffractions, the presence of different building materials, and also the interaction with a movin...

Conventional high-order discontinuous Galerkin schemes suffer from interface errors caused by the misalignment between straight-sided elements and curved material interfaces. We develop a novel discontinuous Galerkin scheme to reduce the errors. Our new scheme use the correct normal vectors to the curved interfaces, while the conventional scheme uses the normal vectors to the element edge. We m...

A detailed analysis of multiple diffraction data collected by the stereoscopic multibeam imaging technique from a tetragonal lysozyme crystal is reported. Calculations based on the dynamical theory are employed to account for diffraction profiles obtained with Bragg-angle scan in stereoscopic imaging and the conventional azimuthal scan in Renninger arrangement. The formation of a multibeam inte...

Road traffic noise affects the quality of life in the areas adjoining the road. The effect of traffic noise on people is wide ranging and may include sleep disturbance and negative impact on work efficiency. To address the problem of traffic noise, it is necessary to estimate the noise level. For this, a number of noise estimation models have been developed which can estimate noise at the recep...

the output of x-ray, especially in the field of required energy for diagnosing the disease is very low (in diagnosing lamps, it is less than 1%). in this kind of lamps the rest of the electrical energy is transformed to heat. this considerable amount of heat induces a myriad of too many limitations in choosing higher levels of radiation, particularly in specialized techniques. this process is t...

background: social capital causes promoting community members’ participation level as set of norms among community systems. we aimed to determination between perceived social capital with relevant factors among health workers in medical and health network of rey city.   methods: this study was a cross sectional one which assessed determination between social capital and relevant factors among h...

background: panoramic imaging is one of the most common imaging methods in dentistry. regarding the side-effects of ionizing radiation, it is necessary to survey different aspects and details of panoramic imaging. in this study, we compared the absorbed x-ray dose around two panoramic x-ray units: pm 2002 cc proline (planmeca, helsinki, finland) and cranex tome (soredex, helsinki, finland). mat...