Theoretical studies usually attribute convections to the developments of instabilities such as the static or symmetric instabilities of the basic flows. However, the following three facts make the validities of these basic theories unconvincing. First, it seems that in most cases the basic flow with balance property cannot exist as the exact solution, so one cannot formulate appropriate problem...

[1] Global high-resolution (3-hourly, 0.1 0.1 longitude-latitude) water vapor (6.7 mm) and window (11 mm) radiances from multiple geostationary satellites are used to document the diurnal cycle of upper tropospheric relative humidity (UTH) and its relationship to deep convection and high clouds in the whole tropics and to evaluate the ability of the new Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GF...

A strong open-ocean convection event was observed in the Northwestern Mediterranean sea during the 1986-87 winter. This period was used as a case study to evaluate the impact of the spatial resolution of atmospheric forcing on deep convection modeling. Twin numerical experiments were performed with an oceanic model forced by atmospheric forcing sets with different resolutions. A low resolution ...

Deep convection in the subpolar North Atlantic ventilates the ocean for atmospheric gases through the formation of deep water masses. Variability in the intensity of deep convection is believed to have caused large variations in North Atlantic anthropogenic carbon storage over the past decades, but observations of the properties during active convection are missing. Here we document the origin,...

We study shallow moist Rayleigh–Bénard convection in the Boussinesq approximation in three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. The thermodynamics of phase changes is approximated by a piecewise linear equation of state close to the phase boundary. The impact of phase changes on the turbulent fluctuations and the transfer of buoyancy through the layer is discussed as a function of the Rayl...

We present an approach for the efficient parallel solution of convection diffusion equations. Based on iterative nested dissection techniques [1] we extended these existing iterative algorithms to a solver based on nested dissection with incomplete elimination of the unknowns. Our elimination strategy is derived from physical properties of the convection diffusion equation, but is independent o...

Published experiments on natural turbulent convection in cryogenic (4)He gas show contradictory results in the values of Rayleigh number (Ra) higher than 10(11). This paper describes a new helium cryostat with a cylindrical cell designed for the study of the dependence of the Nusselt number (Nu) on the Rayleigh number (up to Ra approximately 10(15)) in order to help resolve the existing controv...

Convection over the building envelope is a critical determinant of building cooling load, but parameterization of convection in building energy models and urban computational fluid dynamics models is challenging. An experimental investigation intended to clarify the heat transfer mechanism of a convective wall boundary layer (WBL) on a leeward, vertical building wall was conducted at the Compre...

Based on the model of battery temperature rising established, several kinds of temperature rising processes are analyzed by means of numerical simulation including heat dissipation by natural convection without fin or with fin and forced convection with fin. The comparison and analysis are made for temperature rising process about their temperatures of center and across section plane. It shows ...

In this paper we present lattice Boltzmann (LB) schemes for convection diffusion coupled to fluid flow on two-dimensional rectangular lattices. Via inverse Chapman-Enskog analysis of LB schemes including source terms, we show that for consistency with physics it is required that the moments of the equilibrium distributions equal those of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. These constraints can...