The effects of two organic corrosion inhibitors, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI), on grain boundary passivation was investigated copper at the nanometer scale in NaOH solution using electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM). Global analysis by cyclic voltammetry showed that surface layers, pre-formed after reductive dissociation native oxide presence ...

Several studies have suggested that momentary self-concept clarity (SCC) levels are important for emotion regulation and self-control processes, but these used unvalidated measures of SCC. Here, we report on the development preliminary validation a brief self-report scale, Momentary Self-Concept Clarity Scale (M-SCCS). One hundred twenty-two adults completed SCC items 6-7 times per day two week...

Using scanning tunneling microscopy, thermal energy atom scattering, and density functional theory we have characterized O (2) dissociation on Pt(111) stepped surfaces at the atomic scale. The most reactive site is at the top of the Pt steps. In both the molecular precursor state (MPS) and the transition state (TS), the O (2) has its axis aligned parallel to the step edge. Controlled step decor...

This study investigated the relationship among blood pressure reactions to mental stress, cynical hostility, and socioeconomic status (SES) in 1,091 male public servants. Occupational grade served to index SES and cynical hostility was assessed using the Cook-Medley scale. (Cook & Medley, 1954). The magnitude of systolic, but not diastolic, blood pressure change scores to stress was positively ...

Studying and controlling reactions at surfaces is of great fundamental and applied interest in, among others, biology, electronics and catalysis. Because reaction kinetics is different at surfaces compared with solution, frequently, solution-characterization techniques cannot be used. Here we report solution gradients, prepared by electrochemical means, for controlling and monitoring reactivity...

Estimating the reactivity of 2'-hydroxyl groups along an RNA chain of interest aids in the modeling of the folded RNA structure; flexible loops tend to be reactive, whereas duplex regions are generally not. Among the most useful reagents for probing 2'-hydroxyl reactivity is 1-methyl-7-nitroisatoic anhydride (1m7), but the absence of a reliable, inexpensive source has prevented widespread adopt...

The effects of aging and loneliness on cardiovascular stress responses were examined in 91 young (18-30 years) and 91 older (65-80 years) normotensive adults. Participants completed the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale and a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Test. Piece-wise linear growth-curve analysis was used to model group differences in resting, reactivity, and recovery levels of sy...

The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether rehearsal, defined as the tendency to recurrently ruminate over upsetting aversive experiences, had an effect on pedometry reactivity. A total of 156 Hong Kong Chinese children aged 9-12 years were recruited. Participants completed the Rehearsal Scale for Children-Chinese (RSC-C; Ling, Maxwell, Masters, & McManus, 2010) and wore the pedo...

The unique mechanical and electronic properties of fullerenes, nanotubes, graphene and carbon nanoribbons make them very promising materials for nanotechnological applications. First-principles calculations of forces and currents between a tip and carbon nanostructures show that the rich variety of image patterns found in atomic-scale AFM and STM measurements can be rationalized in terms of the...

It has been recently shown that Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val(158)Met polymorphism strongly influences prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR) in healthy human volunteers. Given that schizophrenia patients exhibit impairment in PPI and that COMT is a putative susceptibility gene for schizophrenia, we investigated the impact of the COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism...