Electronic, software-managed mechanisms using, for example, radiofrequency identification (RFID) cards, enable great flexibility in specifying access control policies to physical spaces. For example, access rights may vary based on time of day or could differ in normal versus emergency situations. With such fine-grained control, understanding and reasoning about what a policy permits becomes su...

To explain the origins of new scientific ideas, historians and philosophers of science point to examples where scientists appear to have drawn analogies between their scientific domain and some very different domain. By contrast, research from the psychology lab suggests that those kinds of analogies are very difficult to obtain in even the simplest situations. To resolve this potential conflic...

Electronic, software-managed mechanisms using, for example, radiofrequency identification (RFID) cards, enable great flexibility in specifying access control policies to physical spaces. For example, access rights may vary based on time of day or could differ in normal versus emergency situations. With such fine-grained control, understanding and reasoning about what a policy permits becomes su...

An expert system that monitors complex activity requires knowledge that is difficult to capture with standard rule-based representations. The focus of this research has been to design and implement script-based reasoning techniques integrated into a rule-based expert system for situation monitoring to address this problem. The resulting expert system, Scripted ANalyst (SCAN), for battlefield mo...

180 male students of 10+1&10+2 were tested on Rotter’s scale of locus of control and experimentally induced situations of probability of success by giving specific instructions. An Insoluble figure--‘perceptual reasoning task’ was used to test persistence of externally controlled Ss & internally controlled Ss in three experimental conditions i.e.P.25 (difficult task), P.50(intermediate task) &P...

Smart environments rely on artificial intelligence techniques to make sense of the sensor data that is collected in the environment and to use the information for data analysis, prediction, and event automation. In this paper we discuss an important smart environment technology – resident activity recognition. This technology is beneficial for health monitoring of a smart environment resident b...

It is widely acknowledged that Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are difficult to use. Our own studies have revealed that one of the largest sources of frustration for ERP users is the inadequate support in error situations afforded by these systems. We propose an approach to error handling in which reasoning on the part of the system enables it to behave as a collaborative partner in ...