OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to identify the barriers to participation among high-risk individuals in the UK Lung Cancer Screening (UKLS) pilot trial. SETTING The UKLS pilot trial is a randomised controlled trial of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening that has recruited high-risk people using a population approach in the Cambridge and Liverpool areas. PARTICIPANTS High-risk individuals aged 5...

This study aimed to provide basic materials for resolving the problems of baby boomers, emerging as a social issue by identifying the effect of baby boomers' participation motivation in leisure sports activities on recovery resilience and life satisfaction empirically. Using the convenience sampling method, the subjects were conducted by baby boomer's 323 person lived in Seoul and Gyeong-in, 20...

BACKGROUND Patient participation on both the individual and the collective level attracts broad attention from policy makers and researchers. Participation is expected to make decision making more democratic and increase the quality of decisions, but empirical evidence for this remains wanting. OBJECTIVE To study why problems arise in participation practice and to think critically about the c...

We review past studies on how scientists view the public, the goals of communication, the performance and impacts of the media, and the role of the public in policy decision-making. We add to these past findings by analyzing two recent large-scale surveys of scientists in the UK and US. These analyses show that scientists believe the public is uninformed about science and therefore prone to err...

The United Kingdom (UK) cervical screening programme has been successful in securing participation of a high proportion of targeted women, and has seen a fall in mortality rates of those suffering from cervical cancer. There remains, however, a significant proportion of unscreened women and, of women in whom an abnormality is detected, many will not attend for colposcopy. The present work revie...

Bilalic and McLeod's arguments fall short on several grounds. There are excellent logical reasons to expect strong ability/chess expertise links and specific research evidence to date is sparse, with mixed findings. Data are presented from Georgia, which has a high female participation rate in chess, which suggest that differing gender motivation levels and participation rates impact relatively...

Do I wish to participate or not to participate in this program? That is the question that young people ask themselves when considering a new opportunity. What can be done to increase the likelihood that they will choose to participate in out-of-school-time (OST) programs? This chapter describes a qualitative study that examined reasons for participating or not participating in OST programs. Som...

Alcohol abuse is a serious problem among college students, and drinking games are a common, yet risky practice in this population. This article provides a description of different types of drinking games along with a discussion of the risks of participation, factors that may lead college students to participate, interventions that may help reduce student participation, and reasons why nurse fac...

Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Development has evoked images of full participation, emancipation and flat organization. Despite such rhetoric, some recent studies and practices reveal the reemergence of hierarchical structures in one form or another as an almost inevitable aspect of the software development process. The objective of this paper is to investigate, both theoretically and emp...

This article examined the likelihood of reducing and/or ceasing leisure activities, reasons for these changes, and the relationship between caregivers' characteristics, caregiving experiences, and leisure participation among a sample of 517 informal caregivers of Adult Day Care clients in Manitoba, Canada. Reduction and cessation of leisure activities were considered separately and in combinati...