introduction water super absorbents are water absorbing natural or synthetic polymers (they may contain over 99% water). they have been defined as polymeric materials which exhibit the ability of swelling in water and retaining a significant fraction (> 20%) of water within their structure, without dissolving in water content. the applications of hydrogels are grown extensively. these materials...

introduction: designing and management of sprinkler irrigation systems depend on the situation and location of its implementation and often rely on professional and long-term tests (9). having a good irrigation system depends on knowledge of the relationship between soil, water, plants, irrigation scheduling, the required amount of irrigation water to the water-holding capacity of soil, climate...

Effective management of limited water resources in the North China Plain requires reliable calculation of historical groundwater balances at local, sub-watershed scales. These calculations typically are hindered by poorly constrained recharge estimates. Using a simple soil-water balance model, we independently calculated annual recharge from irrigated cropland to unconfined alluvial aquifers un...

Background & Aim: Aloe vera is used in the food and pharmaceutical as an aid to effective treatment. The purpose of this study is to improve growth, increase production of valuable metabolites and increase the sugars in Aloe vera gel with low cost and high efficiency under water stress conditions. Experimental: In this study, Aloe vera potted in greenhouse conditions...

introduction: water scarcity is one of the primary problems in arid and semi-arid regions such as iran. in these regions, increasing water productivity in agriculture sector is inevitable. water productivity can be increased using the drip irrigation method and application of irrigation strategies such as deficit irrigation. potato is the major crop in dehgolan plain. researches have shown that...

The characterization of temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture is highly relevant for understanding the many hydrological processes, to model the processes better and to apply them to conservation planning. Considerable variability in space and time coupled with inadequate and uneven distribution of irrigation water results in uneven yield in an area Spatial and temporal variability ...

an application of new irrigation methods to increase water use efficiency is essential, due to global water shortages, and as well a consumption of more than 70% of fresh water in the agricultural sector. in this study, the effect of full irrigation (fi), partial root-zone drying (prd) treatments at two levels (provision of 75% of et (prd75) and 55% of et (prd55)) vs. deficit irrigation treatme...