Among all voltage-gated K+ channels from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the weakly rectifying K+ channel (K(weak) channel) AKT2 displays unique gating properties. AKT2 is exceptionally regulated by phosphorylation: when nonphosphorylated AKT2 behaves as an inward-rectifying potassium channel; phosphorylation of AKT2 abolishes inward rectification by shifting its activation threshold far ...

PURPOSE To identify and partially characterize the ionic currents contributing to the whole-cell conductance of cultured human corneal epithelial cells. METHODS Epithelial cells were scraped from human donor corneas and cultured for use in patch-clamp experiments. Amphotericin B and the perforated-patch configuration were used to measure whole-cell currents in cells isolated from confluent mo...

Itazawa, Shun-Ichi, Tadashi Isa, and Seiji Ozawa. Inwardly taken from a set of four proteins; GluR1 (GluR-A), GluR2 rectifying and Ca-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptor (GluR-B), GluR3 (GluR-C), and GluR4 (GluR-D). Exchannels in rat neocortical neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2592– pression studies have shown that functional properties of 2605, 1997. Current-voltage (I-V ) relations and Ca pe...

Global convergence results are derived for well-known conjugate gradient methods in which the line search step is replaced by a step whose length is determined by a formula. The results include the following cases: 1. The Fletcher-Reeves method, the Hestenes-Stiefel method, and the Dai-Yuan method applied to a strongly convex LC objective function; 2. The Polak-Ribière method and the Conjugate ...

perfused organs to examine sugar catabolism and metabolism, Holmes underscores the relationship between the laboratory elucidation of a significant intermediate compound like acetone and the clinical knowledge of ketone body production in diabetes. But, he concludes, the early-twentieth-century integrative optimism evaporated, to be re-formulated in the 1930s with the announcement of the "Embde...

The object of this paper is the theta divisor of the compactified Jacobian of a nodal curve of genus g. We determine its irreducible components and give it a geometric interpretation. A characterization of hyperelliptic irreducible curves in M g is appended as an application.

In this paper (part three of the trilogy) we use low degree G 1 and G 2 continuous regular algebraic spline curves deened within parallelograms, to interpolate an ordered set of data points in the plane. We explicitly characterize curve families whose members have the required interpolating properties and possess a minimal number of innection points. The regular algebraic spline curves consider...

The density of potassium channels, including the inward rectifying current (IK1), the delayed rectifying current and the transient outward current have been reported to be decreased in cardiac hypertrophy. However, it is not known whether the effects of specific ionic channel blockers are altered in this setting. The effects of barium chloride, which inhibits IK1, of dofetilide, which inhibits ...

We describe two ways to define higher order Toda brackets in a pointed simplicial model category $${\mathcal {D}}$$ : one is recursive definition using categorical constructions, and the second uses associated enrichment. show that these definitions agree, by providing third, diagrammatic, description of bracket, explain how it serves as obstruction rectifying certain homotopy-commutative diagr...

G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in 5-HT neurons are assumed to be principal effectors of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) autoreceptors, but their pharmacology, subunit composition and the role in regulation of 5-HT neuron activity have not been fully elucidated. We sought for a pharmacological tool for assessing the functional role of GIRK channels in 5-HT neur...