Abstract Some deer species are of conservation concern; others officially managed as a food source or for their trophies, whereas in many regions, regarded overabundant even nuisance causing damages. Regardless local management issues, most cases, reliable data on population sizes and sex ratios lacking. Non-invasive genetic approaches promising tools the estimation size structure. We developed...

Red deer (Cervus elaphus) have played a key role in human societies throughout history, with important cultural significance and as a source of food and materials. This relationship can be traced back to the earliest human cultures and continues to the present day. Humans are thought to be responsible for the movement of a considerable number of deer throughout history, although the majority of...

In wildlife captive management, contraception is highly desirable due to inbreeding risk and needed control of intra- inter-specific aggressions. Deer, for which surgical castration can cause abnormal growth the antlers, are suitable candidates pharmacological castration. The aim this study was evaluate effect on physiological patterns volatile chemical profiles two deer species. We placed a su...

AIM To determine if there are sex- or age-related differences in the increase in skinfold thickness in response to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in red deer. METHODS One dose of 250 mug PHA was injected intradermally in the right side of the neck, and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was injected at a second site as a control, in 110 (51 males and 59 females) captive Iberian red deer (...

Hypoderma spp. larvae cause subcutaneous myiasis in several animal species. The objective of the present investigation was to identify and characterize morphologically and molecularly the larvae of Hypoderma spp. collected from cattle (Bos taurus taurus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the district of Castelo Branco, Portugal. For this purpose, a total of 8 larvae were collected from cattle (n...