OBJECTIVES The objective was to determine the fracture and cyclic fatigue properties of composite-dentin beams bonded with a self-etching adhesive in four-point bend. METHODS Beams of rectangular cross-section were shaped to a size of approximately 0.87mmx0.87mmx10mm and placed in a four-point bending apparatus, with the loading points 1.8 and 7.2mm apart, with the interface centered between ...

In the modern world, construction industry is successfully developing in various directions. Large-sized structures are replaced by analogues reduced cross-section with help of types reinforcement.
 Frames refer to flat spacer structures. Modern glued frames often solid. Cross-section (lattice) this class were used mainly from solid wood. Currently, they practically not due lack their indu...

Considerable age of a very high number bridges conjointly with steadily increasing amount traffic and changes in design philosophy (e.g. earthquake engineering) have made maintenance needed retrofitting become more important over the years. Retrofitting can necessary both for flexure or shear enhancements. Existing steel solutions strengthening are laborious complex, durability construction is ...

Hollow sections have been widely used for steel structures. Applications of High Strength Steel (HSS) on cold-formed hollow sections lead to thinner and lighter structures. This paper presents numerical investigations on the lateral-torsional buckling resistance of the cold-formed high strength steel rectangular hollow beam. Results from finite element analysis using Abaqus software are compare...

In determining the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in national and international earthquake regulations, it is desired to use effective section stiffness cracked RC structural elements during design phase. Although not constant, depends on parameters such as strength reinforcement ratio. this study, beam models with different strength, tensile compression ratios were ...

This paper presents a detailed investigation into the flexural strength and behaviour of cold-formed steel oval hollow section beams. A series four-point bending tests were conducted as part experimental programme. Following this, total 12 tested beams simulated by non-linear finite element analysis. Upon validation newly developed numerical model, 36 results generated through parametric study ...