Aldose reductase (AKR1B1) is an NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase best known as the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway. Accelerated glucose metabolism through this pathway has been implicated in diabetic cataract and retinopathy. Some human tissues contain AKR1B1 as well as AKR1B10, a closely related member of the aldo-keto reductase gene superfamily. This opens the possibility that A...

Nitrate-independent nitrate reductase (NR) activity is generally found in legume root nodules. Therefore, the effects of nitrate on plant NR activity and mRNA were investigated in the root nodules of Lotus japonicus (L. japonicus). Both NR activity and mRNA levels in roots and root nodules were up-regulated by the addition of nitrate. In the absence of nitrate, NR activity and mRNA were detecte...

Nitrate reductase inhibitor is usually found in the roots of rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv MR7), but it was also produced in the shoots of aging plants. The inhibitor was inducible in the shoot of rice seedlings by dark, minus-nitrate or plus-ammonium treatments. There appears to be a general involvement of the inhibitor in the control of nitrate assimilation in the plant.

The structure of ethyl 2-amino-4-tert-butyl-1,3-thiazole-5carboxylate, C10H16N2O2S, (I), and the structure of the 1:1 adduct 6-methylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole±2-amino-1,3-thiazole (1/1), C6H6N2S C3H4N2S, (II), have been determined. The molecules in (I) associate via a hydrogen-bonded R2(8) dimer consisting of NÐH N interactions, with the hydrogenbonding array additionally involving NÐH O interacti...

Carboxylate reductases (CARs) are valuable catalysts for the selective one-step reduction of carboxylic acids to their corresponding aldehydes. In recent years, numerous new CARs have been made available, studied and applied in context biocatalytic syntheses. The preparation aldehydes as end products flavor fragrance sector integration cascade reactions with key intermediates represent two majo...