It is common to find in Industrial Automation, and particularly in Robotics, applications that need a large number of proximity sensors. In applications where the cost is a very important factor, the most common choice of proximity sensing is based in optoelectronic reflective sensors. This article describes a new modulation method that facilitates the construction of large arrays of these prox...

The capability of learning is a prerequisite for autonomy. Autonomous intelligent agents, who solve problems in a realistic environment need to learn in order to extend the classes of problems they can solve, to improve their performance on these problems, and to improve the quality of the solutions they produce. One way in which an intelligent agent may effectively use its experiences to learn...

As reflective practice has become an influential factor in teacher professional development, teachers need some techniques to enhance their reflective teaching. In this light, this study was intended to examine: (a) whether self-evaluation techniques could promote English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ reflective teaching, (b) whether EFL teachers who used self-evaluation techniques would ...

Background: Quality of education plays a key role in the development of education. Having this perspective in mind the researchers explored the quality of ESP courses from ESP instructors point of views and investigated the role of quality of education of ESP courses in information-seeking behavior of the students. They also probed the possible relationship between EFL instructors reflective pr...

ly, reflection refers to the capability of a system to reason about and act upon itself. More specifically, a reflective system is one that provides a representation of its own behavior, which is amenable to inspection and adaptation, and is causally connected to the underlying behavior it describes. "Causally-connected" means that changes made to the self-representation are immediately mirrore...

This article discusses the fascinating idea that you can take the entire region of a two-dimensional surface between the outer edge of a circle and infinity (in all directions) and compress it into the interior of the circle with a single mathematical transformation. Circle inversion is one way to do this, and an explanation of its properties, when applied to simple geometrical objects, constit...

Suppose that one is at least a minimal realist about a given domain, in that one thinks that that domain contains truths that are not in any interesting sense of our own making. Given such an understanding, what can be said for and against the method of reflective equilibrium as a procedure for investigating the domain? One fact that lends this question some interest is that many philosophers d...

Reflective practice was originally conceived as a radical critique of technical rationality, and was based on the premise that knowledge generated by practitioners reflecting on their own experiences is of at least equal value to knowledge derived by ac ademics from empirical research. However, experiential knowledge from reflection-on-action now finds itself at the bottom of the hierarchy of e...

An interactive process model of the nature of representation intrinsically accounts for multiple emergent properties of consciousness, such as being a contentful experiential flow, from a situated and embodied point of view. A crucial characteristic of this model is that content is an internally related property of interactive process, rather than an externally related property as in all other ...

In Sacks’ account of new technology adoption, new technologies do not transform the world, but rather they are “made at home in the world that has whatever organization it already has”. In this process of being made at home, use emerges and design understandings arise. A Reflective Agile Iterative Design (RAID) framework was employed to iteratively design a mobile social group communication tec...