manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel is one of the isic (international standard industrial classification of all economic activities, rev.2) that produced 8.5 percent of industry value-added in iran in 2007. isfahan, tehran, khuzestan, hormozgan, and markazi provinces accounted for 90 percent of the value added in this sector. to determine competitive advantage in th...

one of the inhuman conducts which may be used in order to take confession from the accused or information from others is torture which has been forbidden and criminalized in the islamic and iranian criminal law. in addition, there are certain international and regional instruments which recommend or require the countries to take appropriate measures in their domestic laws to combat torture. rec...

in the mid-1950s, regionalism rose in international literature. in the middle east and persian gulf regional issues draw attention of theorists in the late 1960s. at first, regionalism aimed to organize political will of regional leaders towards to organize political will, while regionalism in the middle east and persian gulf concentrated on the security affairs. this proves that the essence of...

Negotiations among nations on policies to promote international economic integration have widened in recent years to cover new issues; for example, foreign direct investment rules, policies to promote competition, the international movement of labor, the environment and monetary union. In these negotiations, a consensus among the parties negotiating is usually lacking and many of these negotiat...

The compositional heterogeneity of biotic assemblages among sites, or beta-diversity, regulates the relationship between local and regional species diversity across scales. Recent work has suggested that increased harshness of environmental conditions tends to reduce beta-diversity by decreasing the importance of stochastic processes in structuring assemblages. We investigated the effect of nut...

bedsore is a very important problem in bedridden patients. it affects patients’ lives and imposes substantial costs to society. its incidence approaches 38% and its annual prevalence is estimated to be 14.8% in patients who are admitted in hospitals. the national pressure ulcer advisory panel (npuap) and the european pressure ulcer advisory panel (epuap) define bedsore as “a localized injury to...

the enormous changes in international system after the soviet :union: collapse led to a power vacuum and unprecedented competition of regional and trans-regional powers in central asia and caucasus. as a result of these phenomena, any actions by regional and international powers were viewed in the context of regional rivalries. therefore, this fact brought several important obstacles in front o...