cooperation in iran has a long precedent but for the first time after the islamic revolution became a foundation in iranian constitutional law and was defined as a protect ional approach. as a point of view in codification of iranian constitutional act (1979) the cooperation recognized on its bases and values that has based in the world. so it is in compliance with islamic standards. it is a wa...

There are a range of ‘top down’ imperatives which have driven such an approach, including the need to sustainably finance educational infrastructure and show evidence as to how this money is being spent successfully. This need is emerging following the funding approaches now being taken by such bodies as the European Investment Bank and in Public Private Partnerships. On the other hand ‘bottom ...

Eleven percent of the U.K. population holds private health care insurance, and 2.2 billion Pounds are spent annually in the acute sector of private health care. Although isolated from policy discussions about new medical technology in the National Health Service, the private sector encounters these interventions regularly. During 18 months in one company, a new medical technology was encountere...

The workshop entitled "Public-Private partnerships models in Europe-- comparison between France and European countries" brought together representatives of academia and industry, of national or European health research programs, of regional or national public-private partnership (PPP) initiatives, and of biotechnology with the following objectives: sharing a common vision on the needs, expectat...

Background and Objectives: Public– Private Partnership can increase the hospital efficiency as the main goal of a good management in healthcare. Hospital efficiency in utilizing resources can be measured through specific indices and analysis of data, after which we can expect to improve productivity in the system. Analysis of performance indices can be useful to achieve to the ...

OBJECTIVE To assess private-sector stakeholders' and donors' perceptions of a total market approach (TMA) to family planning in Nicaragua in the context of decreased funding; to build evidence for potential strategies and mechanisms for TMA implementation (including public-private partnerships (PPPs)); and to identify information gaps and future priorities for related research and advocacy. M...