aim: benefits of skin-to-skin contact (ssc) between mother and her newborn, specifically when it is conducted immediately after birth, have been recognized for more than 40 years. to determine why ssc is not conducted, the present study considers the opinions of the labor working midwifes about the reinforcing factors in ssc immediately after birth in tehran's hospitals in 2012-2013. methods: i...

aim and background: this study seeks the effect of teaching problem solving on self-efficacy and perceived self-efficacy in adolescents.   methods and materials: in this quasi-experimental study using three group with pre-test and post-test, on hundred sixty students were randomly selected via multi-stage sampling, and were divided into 64 students of experimental group and 62 students of place...

PURPOSE The aim of this paper is to highlight the contributions that complementary efficacy, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness studies can make to assessing the outcomes of assistive technology interventions for enhancing mobility. METHOD The terms, 'assistive technology outcomes research' and 'assistive technology interventions', are defined. Several bases are examined for the shortage o...

Frequent tanning has reinforcing properties. We tested whether opioid antagonism blocks potential reinforcing effect of indoor tanning in 8 frequent tanners and 8 infrequent tanner control subjects. Opioid blockade reduced ultraviolet preference in frequent tanners. Four of 8 frequent tanners, but no infrequent tanners, exhibited withdrawal-like symptoms with naltrexone administration. A limita...

Nicotine is thought to be the key substance responsible for tobacco-smoking habits and appears to trigger reinforcement via the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Recently, multiple anatomical substrates for drug reinforcement have been identified in the vicinity of the ventral midbrain. In addition to the posterior portion of the VTA, the central linear nucleus raphé and the supramammillary nucleus...

In mine roadway support operations, floor bolting not only played a role in floor heave control, but also in reinforcing roof and its two sides. Correspondingly, bolting of roof and two sides also played a part in floor heave control. To quantify the effect of such bolting, based on roadway support in extremely weak rock, three physical models were produced and tested in laboratory. Through com...

Information technology (IT) development in global organisations relies heavily on the transfer of tacit and complex knowledge from onshore units to offshore subsidiaries. A central concern of such organisations is the development of social capital, which is known to facilitate the smooth transfer of knowledge. However, only a few studies in IS research have explicitly examined the role of socia...

The bond characteristics of deformed reinforcing bars are investigated ctnd design equations for development and splice lengths are obtained with the goal of improving the bond strength of steel reinforcing bars to concrete. The research includes both experimental and analytical studies. The experimental studies involved evaluating the performance of deformed steel reinforcing bars with differe...

People struggling with addiction are neither powerless over their addiction, nor are they fully in control. Lewis vigorously objects to the brain disease model of addiction (BDMA), because it makes people lose belief in their self-efficacy, and hence hinders their recovery. Although he acknowledges that there is a compulsive state in addiction, he objects to the claim that this compulsion is ca...

In this paper, moment-curvature behavior and ductility of prestressed concrete members based on nonlinear analysis is investigated. Influence of various design parameters on ductility of flexural members is determined according to appropriate materials models for stress-strain curves of concrete, prestressing steel and conventional reinforcements. Parameters studied include reinforcing index (ω...