Background: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major early complications of lung transplantation associated with increased mortality. Lung after PGD can contribute to renal dysfunction; however, the association between AKI severity has not been thoroughly investigated. We analyzed grading staging, impact on subsequent changes chronic disease (CKD), including glome...

Influenza viruses (IV) cause pneumonia in humans with progression to lung failure and fatal outcome. Dysregulated release of cytokines including type I interferons (IFNs) has been attributed a crucial role in immune-mediated pulmonary injury during severe IV infection. Using ex vivo and in vivo IV infection models, we demonstrate that alveolar macrophage (AM)-expressed IFN-β significantly contr...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and conventional protective mechanical ventilation associated with the prone position on oxygenation, histology and pulmonary oxidative damage in an experimental model of acute lung injury. METHODS Forty-five rabbits with tracheostomy and vascular access were underwent mechanical ventilation. Acute lung injury was indu...

Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV) at our days is the gold standard treatment for patients requiring mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia and intensive care.1 The principal goals of IPPV are: improve tissue oxygenation, reduce hypercapnia and the related respiratory acidosis and reduce the work of breathing of the patient.1 Despite its important therapeutic functions,...

Acute lung injury is characterized by a severe disruption of alveolo-capillary structures and includes a variety of changes in lung cell populations. Evidence suggests the occurrence of rupture of the basement membranes and interstitial matrix remodeling during acute lung injury. The dynamic equilibrium of the extracellular matrix (ECM) under physiological conditions is a consequence of the bal...

RATIONALE Primary graft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients derives from the initial, largely leukocyte-dependent, ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Intravascular lung-marginated monocytes have been shown to play key roles in experimental acute lung injury, but their contribution to lung ischaemia-reperfusion injury post transplantation is unknown. OBJECTIVE To define the role of donor intr...

Evidence is emerging that platelets are major contributors to innate immune responses in conditions such as acute lung injury (ALI). Platelets form heterotypic aggregates with neutrophils, and we hypothesized that lipoxin mediators regulate formation of neutrophil-platelet aggregates (NPA) and that NPA significantly contribute to ALI. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury was accompanied...

This study was undertaken to clarify the effects of propofol on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. Rabbits were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Each group received intravenous infusion of saline only, saline and Escherichia coli endotoxin, propofol (1 mg/kg bolus, then 5 mg/kg/hr) and endotoxin, or propofol (4 mg/kg bolus, then 20 mg/kg/hr) and endotoxin respectively. Infusion of sal...