The thrombin-activated transglutaminase factor XIII (FXIII) that covalently crosslinks and stablizes provisional fibrin matrices is also thought to support endothelial and epithelial barrier function and to control inflammatory processes. Here, gene-targeted mice lacking the FXIII catalytic A subunit were employed to directly test the hypothesis that FXIII limits colonic pathologies associated ...

Cannabinoids have been found to have antioxidant properties, unrelated to NMDA receptor antagonism. This new found property makes cannabinoids useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of wide variety of oxidation associated diseases, such as ischemic, age-related, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The cannabinoids are found to have particular application as neuroprotectants, for example in l...

An increasing number of patients with malignant lymphoma are becoming long-term survivors following treatment with chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT). Therefore, late therapy-related complications are becoming increasingly clear. We present three young patients to illustrate the dire consequences of late-onset cardiotoxicity as sequel to potentially curative treatment. We advise yearly ...

BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause gastrointestinal damage by a non-prostaglandin (PG) dependent "topical" action and by inhibiting cyclooxygenase. AIMS To discriminate between these two effects by studying some key pathophysiological steps in NSAID enteropathy following administration of (R)- and (S)-flurbiprofen, the racemic mixture, and an uncoupler, dinitrophe...

Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from many medicinal plants, has been extensively used to treat various gastrointestinal diseases. In the present study, we investigated whether berberine could ameliorate intestinal mucosal barrier damage induced by peritoneal air exposure for 3 h. Peritoneal air-exposure rats received 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg berberine orally via gavage four times bef...

introduction domestic and industrial swallowing of caustic substances can cause acute and chronic injuries. in the acute phase of care, focus is on the immediate control of tissue damage and perforation, and in the chronic phase, the focus is on the treatment of pharyngeal narrowing and impaired swallowing. conclusions treatment of esophageal burn lesions is by immediate and delayed removing of...

BACKGROUND Individuals with severe hemophilia A have reduced blood levels of clotting factor VIII (FVIII) leading to recurrent bleeding into joints and muscles. Primary prophylaxis with clotting factor concentrates started early in childhood prevents joint bleeds, thus avoiding joint damage and improving people's quality of life. There remain significant differences in the implementation of pri...

Gastric mucosal damage by iron pills is often reported. However, iron pill aspiration is uncommon. Oxidation of the impacted iron pill causes bronchial mucosal damage that progresses to chronic bronchial inflammation, necrosis, endobronchial stenosis and rarely, perforation. We reported a case of a 92-year-old woman with chronic productive cough and significant left-sided atelectasis. Bronchosc...

A sensitivity to dietary cereal has been reported previously in niacin-deficient rats by measuring a change in the intestinal absorption of radioactively-labelled cellobiotol and mannitol. The possibility that other stimuli could produce this sensitivity, the range of cereals that could induce the permeability change and the nature of the toxic component in cereal have now all been investigated...

Ribosome-inactivating (ribotoxic) xenobiotics are capable of using cleavage and modification to damage 28S ribosomal RNA, which leads to translational arrest. The blockage of global protein synthesis predisposes rapidly dividing tissues, including gut epithelia, to damage from various pathogenic processes, including epithelial inflammation and carcinogenesis. In particular, mucosal exposure to ...