Our objective was to determine the impact of supplemental energy, N, and protein on feed intake and N metabolism in sheep fed low-quality forage. Six Texel x Dorset wethers (16 mo, 63+/-3.1 kg) fitted with mesenteric, portal, and hepatic venous catheters were used in a Latin square design with five sampling periods. Lambs were fed chopped bromegrass hay (4.3% CP) to appetite, and a mineral mixt...

The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms underlying the long-term impairment of learning and memory resulting from chronic ethanol treatment (CET) especially that involving decrements in long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampus. CET for a 28-week duration affects the rat hippocampal formation in such a way as to decrease the magnitude of LTP; an effect that can last as ...

Two types of quantal spontaneous neurotransmitter release are present in the nervous system, namely action potential (AP)-dependent release and AP-independent release. Previous studies have identified and characterized AP-independent release during hypoxia and ischemia. However, the relative contribution of AP-dependent spontaneous release to the overall glutamate released during transient isch...

NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activation is required for many forms of learning and memory as well as sensory system receptive field plasticity, yet the relative contribution of presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDARs over cortical development remains unknown. Here we demonstrate a rapid developmental loss of functional presynaptic NMDARs in the neocortex. Presynaptic NMDARs enhance neurotransmitter releas...

Synaptic NMDA receptors (NMDARs) carry inward Ca(2+) current responsible for postsynaptic signaling and plasticity in dendritic spines. Whether the concurrent K(+) efflux through the same receptors into the synaptic cleft has a physiological role is not known. Here, we report that NMDAR-dependent K(+) efflux can provide a retrograde signal in the synapse. In hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses, the bu...

In recent years it has become apparent that the role of the mast cell is not confined to immediate hypersensitivity reactions and that the cell may participate in a range of nonIgE mediated processes. The natural polyamines induce histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) in a concentrationand energy-dependent process with a rank order of potency of spermine > spermidine > putresc...

OBJECTIVE To determine Patient Satisfaction of DMPA-SC (104 mg/0.65 mL) injected subcutaneously once every 3 months. METHODS It was a Descriptive case series with the centre in Rawalpindi (Holy Family Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit), Pakistan. Twenty five patients were selected by purposive sampling and followed up in Rawalpindi center (Holy Family Hospital, Gynaecology and Obstetri...

Objective: Hepatic glucose release plays a potential role in hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The aim of this experimental study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on fasting levels of glucose and insulin as well as glucokinase (GCK) expression in liver tissue in obese T2D rats. Materials and Methods: T2D was induced by a high-fat ...

15 15 The dynamics of freshly released and N labeled dissolved organic nitrogen (DO N) in the , 94 mm planktonic assemblages of coastal waters and the effects of herbivorous copepods on 15 1 those dynamics were assessed by applying NH under laboratory conditions. At the same time, 4 1 the rate of NH uptake and regeneration in the , 94 mm planktonic assemblages, and the rates of 4 1 15 ingestion...