Political refugees from Italy during the First Civil War and dictatorship of L. Cornelius Sulla (88–79 BC) During War, political emigration occurred in Rome. The author paper distin­guishes three stages this emigration. first concerns period immediately after outbreak 88 BC. At that time, a small group escaping Sullan repression reached Spain Africa. second stage involved persecution broke out ...

Political communication is a very important part of the development politics in Indonesia. Every general election will be filled with various kinds propaganda targeting segments society. Identity form public political expression that uses slogans contain every message. The characteristics use identity can identified through concept symbol interactionism. This study qualitative approach literatu...

Repressive approach is one of the state's responses to social movements taken restrain or limit action a movement that always strives for change process in society. In this context, Hizb ut-Tahrir and Islamic Defenders Front (Front Pembela Islam – FPI) are two groups recently after 2016 have been active pressuring government on various political issues. The responded these with repressive measu...

Article history: Received 7 August 2014 Received in revised form 20 June 2015 Accepted 29 June 2015 Available online 9 July 2015 This study investigates whether a firm with strong corporate governance (CG) requires political connections (PCs), that is, we examine whether CG and PC substitute for or complement each other. Using 71,069 individual bank loan contracts from Taiwan, we examine how lo...

The literature on populism overwhelmingly deals with the factors behind rise of populism: supply factors, and economic political crises. However, there is a lack engagement in construction populist narratives especially relations between violence. This paper addresses these gaps. Based an empirically rich case study Turkey’s ruling Justice Development Party (AKP) its leader President Recep T. E...

The Mapuche movement is among the most important social movements in post-dictatorship Chile. Since 1990s, struggle has increasingly turned into a violent conflict over land usage and environmental degradation. By referring to theories of global capitalism political ecology, we show how forestry extractivism shaped struggle. Based on extensive fieldwork region La Araucanía, analyze different fo...

In the midst of discussion about any political system، we see adherence to military and police nature، this is what are trying study structure system in Syria because regime chose path security، during Syrian crisis overturned repression dependence on it as a solution regional international which forces cannot reach Regional solutions be agreed upon by various forces. With means physical coerci...