It is known that 802.11 is not resilient to selfish behavior and denial of service (DoS) attacks targeting the MAC layer. In this study, we assess the performance of the CSMA/CA scheme and investigate its efficiency with regard to security and information assurance in mobile ad hoc wireless networks. We investigate several variants of selfish node behaviors that abuse the random choice of Conte...

Most definitions of disaster resilience incorporate both the capacity to resist the initial impact of a disaster and the ability to recover after it occurs. Being able to characterize and analyze resilient behavior can lead to improved understanding not only of the capabilities of a given system, but also of the effectiveness of different strategies for improving its resiliency. This paper pres...

When subjected to stress, some individuals develop maladaptive symptoms whereas others retain normal behavior. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is known to control these adaptive responses to stress. Here, we show that mPFC neurons in the left hemisphere control stress effects on social behavior. Mice made socially avoidant by the stress of chronic social defeats showed depressed neural acti...

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) changed our everyday business drastically. Business routines have been transformed to online activities. New theories and models were developed for the brand new online environment. For online negotiations, however, the research on new mechanisms is not enough, especially for bilateral distributive negotiations. A reserve price reporting mechanis...

A general overview of the current status and future trends in optical networking is given. Special attention is given to the coexistence of optical and electronic technologies in telecommunications networks. After reviewing the advantages of both technologies, their use in different network areas is discussed. A critical survey of current and new transport technologies in optical core and metro...

When the performances of agents are correlated (because of a common random component) contracts that use information on both the relative and absolute performance of agents theoretically outperform rank-order tournaments and piece-rate schemes. Although the theoretical advantage of such contracts has long been noticed in the literature, the empirical papers that study this question have produce...

Resilient Packet Ring (RPR IEEE 802.17) is an insertion buffer, dual ring technology, utilizing a back pressure based fairness algorithm to distribute bandwidth when congestion occurs. The fairness algorithm may oscillate and under some conditions the oscillations continue indefinitely even under stable load conditions. In this paper, we evaluate the latency experienced by packets sent during s...

Methods Open-label, no controlled study of a series of HIV-patients diagnosed with syphilis during 2004 2011. Patients were categorized by rapid plasma reagin titer (RPR) into success (4-fold decrease in RPR by 12 or 24 months after treatment of early or late syphilis), serofast (success with persistently stable reactive RPR), and failure/re-infection (failure to decrease 4-fold in RPR by 12 or...

The dynamic process of differentiation depends on the architecture, quantitative parameters, and noise of underlying genetic circuits. However, it remains unclear how these elements combine to control cellular behavior. We analyzed the probabilistic and transient differentiation of Bacillus subtilis cells into the state of competence. A few key parameters independently tuned the frequency of in...

In this paper, we propose and study the behavior of a number of peer-to-peer (P2P )-based distributed computing systems in order to offer efficient and reliable media services over a large-scale heterogeneous network of computing nodes. Our proposed middleware architectures exploit features including availability of high-performance links to networks, usage of exclusive and partial indexing in ...