Population genetic structure is often used to infer population connectivity, but genetic structure may largely reflect historical rather than recent processes. We contrasted genetic structure with recent gene-flow estimates among 6 herds of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the Caprivi Strip, Namibia, using 134 individuals genotyped at 10 microsatellite loci. We tested whether historical and...

Acrylic sheet is a crystal clear (with transparency equal to optical glass), lightweight material having outstanding weather ability, high impact resistance, good chemical resistance, and excellent thermoformability and machinability. This paper develops the artificial intelligent model using partial swarm optimization (PSO) to predict the optimum surface roughness when cutting acrylic sheets w...

Bosentan has proven 4-month efficacy in patients with HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-HIV). Herein, the long-term outcome of unselected PAH-HIV patients treated with first-line bosentan is described. Data for 59 consecutive World Health Organization (WHO) functional class II-IV PAH-HIV patients treated with first-line bosentan between May 2002 and July 2007 were analysed. HI...

Steel composites reinforced with alumina nanoparticles were prepared by powder metallurgy process. Samples containing two different amounts of carbon (0.35 and 0.55 wt.%) and 0-5 wt.% Al2O3 nanoparticles were fabricated by mixing, compacting and sintering of diffusion bonded Distaloy AE powder. The density, hardness and wear tests were performed on the prepared samples. Fu...

This paper investigates the skeletonization problem using parallel thinning techniques and proposes a new one-pass parallel asymmetric thinning algorithm (OPATA 8). Wu and Tsai presented a one-pass parallel asymmetric thinning algorithm (OPATA 4) that implemented 4-distance, or city block distance, skeletonization. However, city block distance is not a good approximation of Euclidean distance. ...

The nonlinear dynamical system modeling the immobilized enzyme kinetics with Michaelis-Menten mechanism for an irreversible reaction without external mass transfer resistance is considered. Laplace transform homotopy perturbation method is used to obtain the approximate solution of the governing nonlinear differential equation, which consists in determining the series solution convergent to the...

In this paper, we give a survey of methods used to calculate values resistance distance (also known as effective resistance) in graphs. Resistance has played prominent role not only circuit theory and chemistry, but also combinatorial matrix spectral graph theory. Moreover applications ranging from quantifying biological structures, distributed control systems, network analysis, power grid syst...

Distance on graph is a very useful concept [1]. Both the shortest path distance [2], resistance distance [3] and the mean first-passage distance of a random walker [4-7] can reflect the intrinsic properties of the graph. However, conventional first-passage distance on a graph is based on the basic assumption that the whole network is closed, which means the random walker cannot escape from the ...

development of a suitable method for color sorting of agricultural products such as: tomato, apple and orange, based on surface reflection and image formation was the goal of this research. a suitable scheme of color differentiation using an optic head and electrical processing circuitry for separating red from green and other colors is presented. a photo-conductive transducer, electrical resis...